在糖异生过程中,草酰乙酸在线粒体内膜的运输是否需要除苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭中使用的载体蛋白以外的其他载体蛋白?

Ivan G. Darvey
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摘要

当普通生物化学教科书的作者提到参与通过线粒体内膜运输草酰乙酸进行糖异生的载体蛋白时,他们只使用了参与苹果酸-天冬氨酸穿梭的两种转运蛋白。由于只使用苹果酸-2-氧戊二酸和谷氨酸-天冬氨酸载体蛋白,我表明描述整个过程的反应是不令人满意的,因为除了草酰乙酸从线粒体基质运输到细胞质,2-氧戊二酸也以相反的方向运输。因此,我指出,如果要将草酰乙酸从线粒体基质转运到胞质溶胶,那么还需要利用线粒体内膜中的其他载体蛋白,即二羧酸转运蛋白和磷酸转运蛋白。
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Does the transport of oxaloacetate across the inner mitochondrial membrane during gluconeogenesis require carrier proteins other than those used in the malate–aspartate shuttle?

When authors of general biochemistry textbooks mention carrier proteins involved in the transport of oxaloacetate across the inner mitochondrial membrane for gluconeogenesis, they only make use of the two transporters involved in the malate–aspartate shuttle. As a result of only using the malate-2-oxoglutarate and the glutamate–aspartate carrier proteins, I show that the reaction describing the overall process is unsatisfactory since, in addition to oxaloacetate being transported from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol, 2-oxoglutarate is also transported in the reverse direction. I therefore point out that, if only oxaloacetate is to be transported from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol, then it is necessary to also make use of other carrier proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, namely, the dicarboxylate transporter and the phosphate transporter.

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