Allium paniculatum L.(百合科)自然居群的交换多态性:性质、频率、影响及维持机制

R. Lozano, C. R. Rejón, M. R. Rejón
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引用次数: 10

摘要

在西班牙南部的4个百合科Allium paniculatum L.自然居群中发现了高频率(平均44.44%)的反向易位。涉及的染色体是1号和7号。这种易位是相互的,不相等的。不参与交换的染色体的交叉频率不受影响,但杂合子中易位染色体的交叉频率降低。由于卫星染色体参与交换,核仁与四价相关,杂合子的核仁形成模式发生改变,其核仁平均数量低于纯合子标准个体。小孢子发生早期互换的自发突变率较高(μ = 1.08 × 10−2)。在分析的4个群体中均未发现交换纯合子。此外,对两个群体的杂合子(HT)和纯合子标准(HM)个体进行了比较分析,结果表明,纯合子具有较高的亲和性。
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Interchange polymorphism in natural populations of Allium paniculatum L. (Liliaceae): nature, frequency, effects, and mechanism of maintenance
A reciprocal translocation was found with a high frequency (average 44.44%) in four natural populations of Allium paniculatum L. (Liliaceae) from the South of Spain. The chromosomes involved are 1 and 7. The translocation is reciprocal and unequal. Chiasma frequency in the chromosomes not involved in the interchange is not affected, but chiasma frequency is decreased in the translocated chromosomes in the heterozygotes. As a satellite chromosome is involved in the interchange, the nucleolus is associated with the quadrivalent and the pattern of nucleolus formation is changed in heterozygotes, which have a lower mean number of nucleoli than homozygous standard individuals . The spontaneous mutation rate for interchanges during the early stages of microsporogenesis is high (μ = 1.08 × 10−2). No interchange homozygotes were found in any of the four populations analyzed. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of heterozygous (HT) and homozygous standard (HM) individuals in two populations demonstrated that homoz...
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