Complications of transanal endoscopic resection in cancer recti

Objective. To study іntra- and postoperative complications in transanal endoscopic resection in patients, suffering cancer recti and to reduce this quantity. Materials and methods. Through the period 2009 - 2021 yrs on the base of Odessa Regional Clinical Hospital 184 patients, suffering cancer recti, were operated, using transanal endoscopic resection. The patients’ age was from 42 to 86 yrs old. The patients were distributed into two groups. In 90 patients of the first group the cancer recti diagnosis of stage I (T1-2N0M0) was established. In 94 patients of the second group the diagnosis of cancer recti stage ІІ (T3N0M0) was established. Results. Purulent-septic, thromboembolic and urological complications were absent in all 184 patients, as well as severe intraoperative complications and mortality. The average stationary stay of the patients have constitited (3.4 ± 1.7) days (from 2 to 6 days). The average lower edge of the tumour was situated at a distance (9.5 ± 4.2) cm (from 5 to 16 cm) from the anal channell, and the average dimensions of tumour - (2.8 ± 1.7) cm (from 1.5 to 4 cm). While studying of the histological investigations results there was noted, that in all the patients the tumour was excised in the healthy tissues borders in accordance to oncological technique. Period of follow-up have constituted from 12 to 60 mo. Cancer recti recurrence was revealed in 12 (13.3%) patients of the first group. Cancer recurrence have had occur in patients, who have rejected from conduction of chemo- and radiotherapy. The patients with recurrences were reoperated, using classic low anterior rectal resection with total mesorectumectomy. Conclusion. While conduction of preoperative neoadjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy the tumour dimensions are reduced significantly, as well as quantity of іntra- and postoperative complications in performance of transanal endoscopic resection. The disease prognosis for cancer recti depends directly on presence of metastases in regional «sentinel» lymphatic nodes.