The Effect of formetanate hydrochloride on the glycated human hemoglobin

ABSTRACTGlycation refers to the nonenzymatic glycosylation of the free amino groups of proteins and sugars. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is the final stage in glycation process. AGEs cause many complications in diabetic’s patients. Formetanate hydrochloride is a highly effective pesticide widely used in agriculture. Hence, all human beings, both healthy and diabetics affected patients, can be exposed to this toxin. Therefore, the purpose the present research is to study, the effect of Formetanate hydrochloride upon the glycated human hemoglobin (GHb). To form glycated hemoglobin, Hb was incubated with glucose for 35 days under physiological conditions (dark, 37Ċ and pH 7.4). The effect of the toxin on GHb was investigated via docking studies, flurometry, and UV-Vis and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Incubating Hb with glucose could degrade the structure the protein. Samples contained GHb and formetanate hydrochloride showed remarkable changes in structure; Heme-group degradation and an increase in β-sheet structures was also observed. The results of docking studies were consistent with these results. As diabetes is rapidly expanding in today's world and formetanate hydrochloride is widely used in agriculture, the impact of this toxin on these patients will be very important. According to the results obtained, this toxin can have more destructive effect on the glycated Hb in these patients.