Secondary electron emission properties

In this paper an introduction is given to secondary electron emission properties. It is shown that the reduced secondary emission yield $\text{δ}\text{δ}{}_{\mathrm{m}}$ as a function of the reduced primary energy $\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{m}}$ can be described by a universal curve. It is found that it is easier to use the measurement of the maximum secondary electron emission δ_m and the energy E_m at which this maximum is reached to determine the suitability of a coating for use in the display than direct measurement of the first crossover energy E_I. The value of δ_m and E_m can be used to derive E_I. Furthermore, it is observed that in any material the elastic fraction of the secondary electrons exhibits a universal behaviour as a function of E_p. Fits to δ(E_p) and the energy distribution of the secondary electrons are proposed which can be used in Monte Carlo simulations.