心脏β-肾上腺素受体信号:对心血管疾病治疗中一个老靶点的新认识

Ying Song, A. Woo, Yan Zhang, Ruiping Xiao
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引用次数: 1

摘要

心脏β-肾上腺素受体信号传导:宋颖1,胡耀浩2,*,张燕3,4,*,肖瑞平5,6,7,81北京大学第三医院医学创新研究所基础医学研究中心,北京100191 2沈阳药科大学生命科学与生物制药学院,沈阳110016 3心血管科学研究所,分子心血管科学重点实验室,沈阳10016北京大学医学部基础医学院教育部重点实验室,北京100191 4北京大学心血管受体研究北京市重点实验室,北京100191 5北京大学未来技术学院分子医学研究所膜生物学国家重点实验室,北京100871 6北京大学北京-清华生命科学研究中心,北京1008717北京大学心脏代谢分子医学北京市重点实验室,北京,100871 8北京大学-南京转化医学联合研究所,南京,210000*通讯:yiuhowoo@syphu.edu.cn(胡耀豪),电话:+86-24-23986375;zhangyan9876@pku.edu.cn(张燕),电话:+86-10-82805945。摘要:多种G蛋白偶联受体(gpcr)参与心血管功能的调控。β-肾上腺素受体(β-ARs)有三种亚型,是心脏中主要的受体种类,其中β1-AR和β2-AR被认为具有功能。刺激β- ar通过激活Gs-cAMP-PKA信号级联产生心肌肌力。长时间刺激β1-AR对心脏有害,因为受刺激的β1-AR只与Gs蛋白偶联,并介导心脏毒性信号。另一方面,β2-AR与Gs和Gi蛋白双偶联,β2-AR-Gi通路具有抗凋亡作用。激活的Gi信号也抵消了β- ar - gs促进的正性肌力作用。心脏β-AR信号传导的其他关键参与者包括Ca2+/钙调素依赖性蛋白激酶(CaMKs)、GPCR激酶(GRKs)、β-抑制蛋白和磷酸二酯酶。在心力衰竭时,过度的交感神经刺激导致心脏毒性β1-AR-CaMKIIδ通路的激活和心脏中GRK2和Gi的上调。GRK2促进β- ar的脱敏,增强β2- ar介导的Gi信号。这些信号转导过程伴随着β1-AR的下调,参与心功能障碍、心脏重构不适应和慢性心力衰竭的进展。β受体阻滞剂广泛应用于心血管疾病的治疗。早在30年前,它们就已确立了“心力衰竭四大支柱”之一的地位。本文就近年来以心脏β-AR信号转导为重点的gpcr基础研究进展作一综述。
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Cardiac β-Adrenoceptor Signaling: The New Insight on An Old Target in the Therapy of Cardiovascular Disease
Review Cardiac β-Adrenoceptor Signaling: The New Insight on An Old Target in the Therapy of Cardiovascular Disease Ying Song 1, Anthony Yiu-Ho Woo 2,*, Yan Zhang 3,4,*, and Ruiping Xiao 5,6,7,8 1 Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China. 2 School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China. 3 Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. 4 Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. 5 State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. 6 Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. 7 Beijing City Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. 8 PKU-Nanjing Joint Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China. * Correspondence: yiuhowoo@syphu.edu.cn (Anthony Yiu-Ho Woo), Tel.: +86-24-23986375; zhangyan9876@pku.edu.cn (Yan Zhang), Tel.: +86-10-82805945.     Received: 19 October 2022 Accepted: 28 October 2022 Published: 21 December 2022   Abstract: A variety of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in the regulation of cardiovascular function. The β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs), with three subtypes, are the dominant receptor species in the heart, in which the β1-AR and the β2-AR are considered functional. Stimulation of the β-ARs produces myocardial inotropy via activation of the Gs-cAMP-PKA signaling cascade. Prolonged stimulation of the β1-AR is cardiac harmful because the stimulated β1-AR couples only to Gs proteins and it mediates a cardiotoxic signal. On the other hand, the β2-AR couples dually to both Gs and Gi proteins and the β2-AR-Gi pathway is antiapoptotic. The activated Gi signal also counteracts the β-AR-Gs-promoted positive inotropic effect. Other key players in cardiac β-AR signaling include Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs), GPCR kinases (GRKs), β-arrestins and phosphodiesterases. During heart failure, excessive sympathetic stimulation results in the activation of the cardiotoxic β1-AR-CaMKIIδ pathway and the upregulation of GRK2 and Gi in the heart. GRK2 promotes the desensitization of β-ARs and enhances a β2-AR-mediated Gi signaling. These signal transduction processes accompanying the downregulation of the β1-AR are involved in cardiac dysfunction, maladaptive cardiac remodeling, and the progression of chronic heart failure. β-Blockers are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. They have established their position as one of the “four pillars of heart failure” thirty years ago. In the present review, we provide an overview of the recent progress in the basic research of GPCRs focusing on cardiac β-AR signal transduction.
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