简介:名字的语法和名字的语法

IF 0.5 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS STUF-Language Typology and Universals Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI:10.1515/stuf-2019-0018
Corinna Handschuh, A. Dammel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近年来,语言学家对专有名词与普通名词相比的语法行为越来越感兴趣-从理论角度和案例研究中,跨语言和个别语言(参见Anderson 2007, n bling 2012, Debus等人2014,Van Langendonck和Van de Velde 2016, Helmbrecht等人2017,Ackermann和schl cker 2017, Ackermann 2018)。来自多种语言的实证研究结果表明,专有名称的独特词汇和语法结构可能存在于所有层次的语法分析中(参见schl克尔和阿克曼2017年的综合概述)。专有名称的特殊形式行为是基于其特殊的功能地位:名称本身是明确的、用于直接指称的刚性指示物,是单指性的语言符号。单一性导致匿名项目的库存增加,并增加了处理和记忆的负担。这解释了专有名称倾向于支持模式恒常性/格式塔保存,正如在德语中观察到的那样(n bling 2012, 2017;阿克曼2018年)。从历时上看,名字通常是从普通的名词材料发展而来的。在这里,形式可能遵循功能,从普通名词来源中分离出来。研究表明,名称特定语法可能以不同的方式在历时性上演变:在德语历时性中观察到的人名的选择性偏转是其中之一(n bling 2012, Ackermann 2018),另一个是名称特定性别分配和明确标记的发展,将专有名称的子类与其来源和彼此区分开来(n bling 2015)。毛里和Sansò(本卷)展示了不同的方式如何联想复数结构出现,其中最经常有一个人的名字作为他们的焦点元素。波米诺和斯塔克(本卷)讨论普遍性,作为一个可能的成分,在崛起的同名语法从化石形态音素。
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Introduction: Grammar of names and grammar out of names
In recent years, linguists have become increasingly interested in the grammatical behavior of proper names as compared to common nouns – from a theoretical perspective and in case studies, cross-linguistically and on individual languages (cf. e.g. Anderson 2007, Nübling 2012, Debus et al. 2014, Van Langendonck and Van de Velde 2016, Helmbrecht et al. 2017, Ackermann and Schlücker 2017, Ackermann 2018). Empirical findings from a wide range of languages suggest that distinctive lexical and grammatical structures of proper names may exist on all levels of grammatical analysis (see the comprehensive overview by Schlücker and Ackermann 2017). The special formal behavior of proper names has been grounded in their special functional status: Names are inherently definite, rigid designators used in direct reference, and monoreferent linguistic signs. Being monoreferent leads to an enlarged inventory of onymic items and to an increased load on processing and memorization. This explains tendencies of proper names to favor schema constancy/ gestalt preservation as observed for German (Nübling 2012, 2017; Ackermann 2018). Diachronically, names often develop from common noun material. Here, form may follow function in dissociation tendencies from the common noun source. It has been shown that name specific grammar may evolve diachronically in different ways: Selective deflexion in person names as observed in the diachrony of German is one of them (Nübling 2012, Ackermann 2018), another is the development of name-specific gender assignment and definiteness marking that distinguishes subclasses of proper names from their source and from each other (Nübling 2015). Mauri and Sansò (this volume) show different ways how associative plural constructions arise, which most often have a person name as their focal element. Pomino and Stark (this volume) discuss univerbation as a possible ingredient in the rise of onymic grammar from fossilized morphophonology.
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来源期刊
STUF-Language Typology and Universals
STUF-Language Typology and Universals LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
期刊最新文献
Frontmatter From possessive to relative clause marker: a grammaticalization pathway in the Timor-Alor-Pantar languages Split Inalienable Coding in linguistic Wallacea: typology, origins, spread Possession in Patani The grammaticalization and dissolution of High Extended Intonation: an inalienable possession paradigm in Roon
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