Molecular biology of the symbiotic-pathogenic bacteria Xenorhabdus spp. and Photorhabdus spp.

INTRODUCTION 21 PHYLOGENY AND TAXONOMY 23 Phylogeny 23 Taxonomy 23 PATHOGENICITY 26 Xenorhabdus Pathogenicity 26 Photorhabdus Pathogenicity 28 CELL SURFACE PROPERTIES 28 Outer Membrane Proteins of X. nematophilus 29 Analysis of Fimbriae, Flagella, and Glycocalyx 30 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 30 Genetic Approaches to the Study of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. 30 Signal Transduction in X. nematophilus 31 Genes Sequenced in P. luminescens 33 ANTIBIOTICS, PIGMENTS, AND INHIBITORS 34 Antibiotics 34 Xenorhabdus antibiotics 34 Photorhabdus antibiotics 34 Pigments 35 Photorhabdus pigments 36 Xenorhabdus pigments 36 Inhibitors 36 SECRETED ENZYMES 36 CRYSTALLINE PROTEINS 37 Xenorhabdus Proteins 37 Photorhabdus Proteins 37 BIOLUMINESCENCE 37 PHASE VARIATION 39 CONCLUSIONS 40 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 40 REFERENCES 40