玩火:第二部分

IF 1.6 4区 社会学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI:10.1080/02646811.2023.2165787
Don C. Smith
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引用次数: 0

摘要

当俄罗斯一年前对邻国乌克兰发动的战争最终结束时(这场战争肯定会结束,不是吗?),独立但咄咄逼人的国际调查人员必须仔细处理这样一个问题:俄罗斯对乌克兰基础设施(尤其是与发电和供水有关的基础设施)的无情攻击,是否构成了战争罪。袭击发生后,西方记者称赞了乌克兰人民的决心和勇气。例如,《经济学人》报道说:“家里没有自来水,他们就融化雪。”当没有电的时候,他们在有柴油发电机的咖啡馆里取暖和照明,或者睡在他们工作的办公室... .普京不断施加给他们的恐怖似乎并没有削弱他们的士气。”然而,尽管乌克兰人民有决心,但破坏是非常真实的。《纽约时报》在2022年年底的一份关于这场战争的报告中,将局势描述为“莫斯科对(乌克兰)能源基础设施的破坏性攻击,导致该国面临寒冷的冬季气温,大面积停电”。2022年年中,我写了一篇题为《玩火:对民用核电站的军事攻击》的社论,当时我认为战争可能不会晚于2022年底结束。我不仅对战争结束的看法是错误的,而且在2022年中期,我根本不知道俄罗斯的攻击将包括大规模摧毁乌克兰的基础设施,以恐吓当地居民。但事实正是如此。美联社(Associated Press)在2022年底报道称,“俄罗斯最近一次入侵乌克兰10个月后,有大量证据表明,克里姆林宫的军队已经发动了全面战争,无视有关对待平民和战场行为的国际法。”美联社没有特别指出对基础设施的攻击。
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Playing with fire: part II
When the end finally comes in the war that Russia launched a year ago against its neighbour Ukraine (and surely it will end, won’t it?), independent but aggressive international investigators must carefully address the matter of whether Russia committed war crimes in the form of its relentless attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure, particularly those related to electricity generation and water. In the wake of the attacks, Western journalists have lauded the determination and grit of the Ukranian people. For example, The Economist reported ‘When there is no tap water at home, they melt snow. When there is no electricity, they find heat and light in cafes with diesel generators, or sleep in the offices where they work... . The horrors Mr Putin keeps inflicting on them do not seem to have dented their morale’. However, despite the determination of the Ukranian people, the devastation has been very real. In a 2022 end-of-year report on the war, The New York Times described the situation as ‘Moscow’s debilitating attacks on [Ukranian] energy infrastructure that have caused widespread power outages as the country faces freezing winter temperatures’. In mid-2022, I wrote an editorial titled ‘Playing with fire: military attacks against a civilian nuclear power station’ and assumed at that time that perhaps the war would be over not later than the end of 2022. Not only was I wrong about the end of the war, I harboured no clue in mid-2022 that the Russian onslaught would involve wholesale efforts to destroy Ukrainian infrastructure to terrorise the local population. But that is exactly what has happened. Without identifying infrastructure attacks in particular, the Associated Press reported at the end of 2022 that ‘Ten months into Russia’s latest invasion of Ukraine, overwhelming evidence shows the Kremlin’s troops have waged total war, with disregard for international laws governing treatment of civilians and conduct on the battlefield’.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
9.10%
发文量
32
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