Perspectives on coral reef research and management in the Pacific

Some current trends in the exploitation and destruction of coral reefs in the Pacific are reviewed in the light of the resolution on coral reefs passed at the XIV Pacific Science Congress in Khabarovsk. More specifically, the effectivity of a total ban in the Philippines on coral trade is reassessed taking into consideration present problems and realities. Cognizance is also taken of other significant developments such as the growing awareness among both scientists and laymen of problems relating to coral reefs and the need for management, and the increasing concern caused by rapid population growth and its possible impacts on reef resources. Specific problems discussed, involve the burgeoning coral trade in spite of efforts to curtail it, other large-scale uses of reefs such as mining, other causes of reef destruction, and the present plight of Pacific populations, particularly those dependent on subsistence economies, and how this relates to the preceding. The need for more research on coral reef management, in addition to more basic studies, is stressed. Some possible management measures and alternatives require evaluation, among them: enforcement of a total coral ban; allowing the limited use of corals such as for domestic trade and cottage industries; restricted coral harvesting; the establishment of marine parks and reserves; and coral “farming”.