{"title":"抗A组链球菌、多巴胺受体和神经节苷脂GM1的抗体与多种食物抗原发生交叉反应,可能干扰pan和PANDAS的生物标志物","authors":"Aristo Vojdani , C. Christopher Turnpaugh","doi":"10.1016/j.bionps.2020.100023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a bacteria that manifests itself in a variety of diseases, from strep throat to neuroautoimmune psychiatric disorders, such as pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) or pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS). Dopamine 1 and dopamine 2 (D<sub>1</sub> and D<sub>2</sub>) receptors and asialoganglioside (GM<sub>1</sub>) are used commercially as biomarkers in assessing neuropsychiatric diseases. However, some studies have found these antibodies in healthy subjects. Since previous research has shown cross-reactivity between foods and tissue antigens, we sought to determine whether or not cross-reactivity exists between GAS, D<sub>1</sub>, D<sub>2</sub> receptors, GM<sub>1</sub> and commonly consumed foods, and whether the presence of food antibodies may be responsible for the false positivity. We reacted antibodies against GAS, D<sub>1</sub>, D<sub>2</sub> receptors, and GM<sub>1</sub> with the antigens of 180 foods using the ELISA method. Anti-GAS antibodies had significant cross-reactivity with 17/180 foods, anti-D<sub>1</sub> antibody with 26/180 foods, anti-D<sub>2</sub> antibody with 20/180 foods, and anti-GM<sub>1</sub> antibody with 47/180 foods. Our results indicate that the presence in blood of antibodies to GAS, D<sub>1</sub>, D<sub>2</sub> and GM<sub>1</sub> that cross-react with food antigens may not only interfere with the accurate measurement of these biomarkers of PANS and PANDAS, but show that these patients with these antibodies in their blood may not have these conditions at all, but just have innocuous antibodies against food antigens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52767,"journal":{"name":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bionps.2020.100023","citationCount":"5","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Antibodies against Group A Streptococcus, dopamine receptors, and ganglioside GM1 cross-react with a variety of food antigens, potentially interfering with biomarkers for PANS and PANDAS\",\"authors\":\"Aristo Vojdani , C. Christopher Turnpaugh\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.bionps.2020.100023\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a bacteria that manifests itself in a variety of diseases, from strep throat to neuroautoimmune psychiatric disorders, such as pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) or pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS). Dopamine 1 and dopamine 2 (D<sub>1</sub> and D<sub>2</sub>) receptors and asialoganglioside (GM<sub>1</sub>) are used commercially as biomarkers in assessing neuropsychiatric diseases. However, some studies have found these antibodies in healthy subjects. Since previous research has shown cross-reactivity between foods and tissue antigens, we sought to determine whether or not cross-reactivity exists between GAS, D<sub>1</sub>, D<sub>2</sub> receptors, GM<sub>1</sub> and commonly consumed foods, and whether the presence of food antibodies may be responsible for the false positivity. We reacted antibodies against GAS, D<sub>1</sub>, D<sub>2</sub> receptors, and GM<sub>1</sub> with the antigens of 180 foods using the ELISA method. Anti-GAS antibodies had significant cross-reactivity with 17/180 foods, anti-D<sub>1</sub> antibody with 26/180 foods, anti-D<sub>2</sub> antibody with 20/180 foods, and anti-GM<sub>1</sub> antibody with 47/180 foods. Our results indicate that the presence in blood of antibodies to GAS, D<sub>1</sub>, D<sub>2</sub> and GM<sub>1</sub> that cross-react with food antigens may not only interfere with the accurate measurement of these biomarkers of PANS and PANDAS, but show that these patients with these antibodies in their blood may not have these conditions at all, but just have innocuous antibodies against food antigens.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":52767,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bionps.2020.100023\",\"citationCount\":\"5\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144620300137\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Medicine\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666144620300137","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibodies against Group A Streptococcus, dopamine receptors, and ganglioside GM1 cross-react with a variety of food antigens, potentially interfering with biomarkers for PANS and PANDAS
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a bacteria that manifests itself in a variety of diseases, from strep throat to neuroautoimmune psychiatric disorders, such as pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) or pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS). Dopamine 1 and dopamine 2 (D1 and D2) receptors and asialoganglioside (GM1) are used commercially as biomarkers in assessing neuropsychiatric diseases. However, some studies have found these antibodies in healthy subjects. Since previous research has shown cross-reactivity between foods and tissue antigens, we sought to determine whether or not cross-reactivity exists between GAS, D1, D2 receptors, GM1 and commonly consumed foods, and whether the presence of food antibodies may be responsible for the false positivity. We reacted antibodies against GAS, D1, D2 receptors, and GM1 with the antigens of 180 foods using the ELISA method. Anti-GAS antibodies had significant cross-reactivity with 17/180 foods, anti-D1 antibody with 26/180 foods, anti-D2 antibody with 20/180 foods, and anti-GM1 antibody with 47/180 foods. Our results indicate that the presence in blood of antibodies to GAS, D1, D2 and GM1 that cross-react with food antigens may not only interfere with the accurate measurement of these biomarkers of PANS and PANDAS, but show that these patients with these antibodies in their blood may not have these conditions at all, but just have innocuous antibodies against food antigens.