儿童心理健康联合委员会,1965-1970年:儿童精神病学中未采用的情绪障碍、种族和途径。

IF 0.6 3区 历史学 Q3 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI:10.1002/jhbs.22251
Laura Hirshbein
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引用次数: 0

摘要

儿童心理健康联合委员会(JCMHC)是一个庞大的多学科项目,在约翰·F·肯尼迪总统遇刺后的几年里形成。参与者包括儿童精神病学家、教育工作者、心理学家、社会工作者、慈善家以及其他对儿童困境感兴趣的普通人和专业人士。虽然JCMHC最初的灵感是解决受干扰儿童和青少年可能遭受暴力的问题,但其调查结果和建议是对美国社会本身的控诉,在美国社会中,贫困儿童挨饿,少数民族儿童受到压迫,没有足够的资源专门用于国家年轻人的心理健康。JCMHC的工作组和委员会花了更多的时间来处理预防和心理健康问题,而不是精神疾病。JCMHC工作两年后,领导层成立了一个委员会,专门审查与种族有关的问题。这份最终报告以《儿童心理健康危机》一书的形式出版,是在推动林登·约翰逊总统“伟大社会”计划的自由主义共识破裂后发布的。尼克松政府忽视了大多数政府干预的方案。对心理健康的关注和对种族主义有害影响的批判性审视在当时代表了儿童精神病学。然而,在随后的几十年里,儿童精神病学家不再关注预防、种族和环境问题,而是关注个别儿童的精神疾病问题。
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The Joint Commission on the Mental Health of Children, 1965–1970: Emotional disturbance, race and paths not taken in child psychiatry

The Joint Commission on the Mental Health of Children (JCMHC) was a sprawling, multidisciplinary project that took shape in the years immediately after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Participants included child psychiatrists, educators, psychologists, social workers, philanthropists and other laypeople and professionals interested in the plight of children. While the original inspiration for the JCMHC was to address the potential for violence from disturbed children and adolescents, its findings and recommendations were an indictment of American society itself in which poor children went hungry, minority children were oppressed and there were not sufficient resources dedicated to the mental health of the nation's population of young people. The task forces and committees of the JCMHC spent significantly more time addressing prevention and mental health rather than mental illness. Two years into the work of the JCMHC, the leadership formed a committee to specifically examine issues related to race. The final report, published in popular book form as Crisis in Child Mental Health, arrived after the unraveling of the liberal consensus that had fueled President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society programs. Most of the proposed solutions for government intervention were ignored by the Nixon administration. The focus on mental health and the willingness to take a critical look at the detrimental effects of racism had represented child psychiatry at that time. In the decades that followed, however, child psychiatrists turned away from issues about prevention, race and environment and instead focused on the problems of mental illness in individual children.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
69
期刊介绍: The Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences is a quarterly, peer-reviewed, international journal devoted to the scientific, technical, institutional, and cultural history of the social and behavioral sciences. The journal publishes research articles, book reviews, and news and notes that cover the development of the core disciplines of psychology, anthropology, sociology, psychiatry and psychoanalysis, economics, linguistics, communications, political science, and the neurosciences. The journal also welcomes papers and book reviews in related fields, particularly the history of science and medicine, historical theory, and historiography.
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