Exploring the complexities of posthumous reproduction in fertility preservation for oncology patients with poor prognosis.

The field of fertility preservation (FP) for oncology patients has evolved significantly in recent years, offering new possibilities for individuals with life-threatening illnesses. We commend Jones et al. for their comprehensive ethical review of offering FP to patients with poor prognoses, acknowledging the potential benefits that it may bring. "Poor prognosis" in this context implies a high likelihood of death due to cancer progression. We highlight the importance of considering posthumous reproduction, involving the use of cryopreserved gametes or embryos to conceive a child after one or both partners have passed away, a topic briefly mentioned by Jones et al. Posthumous reproduction raises complex ethical, logistical, and legal questions. Distinctions between cryopreserved sperm and oocytes are discussed, with each scenario presenting unique challenges. The article also examines the complexities faced by same-sex couples in posthumous reproduction, addressing issues related to donor selection, legal parentage, and rights. Legal and regulatory aspects play a crucial role, including obtaining clear and legally valid consent, defining parental rights, navigating surrogacy laws, and addressing inheritance and estate planning. Ethical dilemmas require healthcare professionals to ensure informed decision-making, consider psychological impacts, and offer information on alternative family-building options.