Neuropathies périphériques et facteurs associés chez les hémodialysés chroniques du Bénin

Introduction

Peripheral neuropathies, in hemodialysis patients, are frequent.

Objective

To study peripheral neuropathies in the population of chronic hemodialysis patients in Benin.

Methods

This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from April 1^st to July 31^st, 2017 in the hemodialysis units of the two public dialysis centers in Benin. Recruitment was exhaustive with inclusion of all patients with hemodialysis for more than 3 months, aged at least 18 years and consenting. The diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy was based on the presence of sensory-motor and/or vegetative disorders associated with amyotrophy, abolition or reduction of osteotendinous reflexes and absence of central signs.

Results

A total of 189 hemodialysis patients were included in the two public hemodialysis centers of Benin, 180 at the CNHU-HKM and 9 at the CHUD/BA. The mean age was 50.23 ± 13.31 years with extremes from 20 to 85 years and a sex ratio of 1.59. The overall frequency of peripheral neuropathy was 59.26%, including polyneuropathies (72.32%), unifocal mononeuropathies (10.71%), polyradiculoneuropathies (9.82%), and multiple mononeuropathies (7.14%). The associated factor in multivariate analysis was socioeconomic level (P = 0.001; OR 39.41; 95% CI 4.81–322.64).

Conclusion

Peripheral neuropathy is frequent in chronic hemodialysis patients in Benin, requiring early detection and management.