一个比利时学生,身上有黑色疤痕。

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Acta Clinica Belgica Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1080/17843286.2022.2090181
Astrid Van Reempts, Liesbet De Meester, Koen Blot, Ann-Sophie Candaele, Hilde Beele, Jo Van Dorpe, Diana Huis In 't Veld
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:人牛痘病毒感染是一种罕见的人畜共患疾病。牛痘病毒和天花一样,是正痘病毒属的一员。在过去几年中,欧洲从宠物猫和宠物鼠向人类传播牛痘病毒的记录有所增加。这一观察结果可能是由于20世纪80年代停止常规天花疫苗接种后丧失了对正痘病毒的交叉免疫。病例介绍:我们报告第一例人类牛痘感染在未接种疫苗的比利时公民。这名19岁的学生表现为下巴、头皮和阴部多发皮肤坏死,并伴有颈部淋巴结病和流感样症状。人类牛痘的诊断是基于对耻骨病变的皮肤活检进行的电子显微镜检查和PCR检查。与猫(她的家猫或当地收容所的猫)的密切接触可能是传播源。病变的扩散可能是自体接种的结果。六个月后,所有病变自发愈合,并留下萎缩性疤痕。讨论:为了提高对这一罕见病毒性人畜共患病的认识,并验证停止天花疫苗接种后疑似发病率和症状严重程度的增加,人们可能会争论人类牛痘是否应成为一种法定通报疾病。
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A Belgian student with black eschars.

Background: Human cowpox virus infection is a rare zoonotic disease. Cowpox virus is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, like smallpox. Over the last years records of cowpox virus transmission from pet cats and pet rats to humans in Europe have increased. This observation may result from the loss of cross-immunity against orthopoxviruses after discontinuation of routine smallpox vaccination in the 1980s.

Case presentation: We report the first case of a human cowpox infection in an unvaccinated Belgian citizen. This 19-year-old student presented with multiple necrotic skin lesions on the chin, the scalp and the pubic region, and with cervical lymphadenopathy and flu-like symptoms. The diagnosis of human cowpox was based on electron microscopic findings and PCR examination performed on a skin biopsy of the pubic lesion. Close contact with cats (her domestic cats or cats from a local shelter) was probably the source of transmission. Spreading of the lesions was likely the result of autoinoculation. After six months all lesions spontaneously healed with atrophic scars.

Discussion: To enhance awareness of this rare viral zoonosis and to verify the suspected increase in incidence and symptom severity after cessation of smallpox vaccination, one could argue whether human cowpox should become a notifiable disease.

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来源期刊
Acta Clinica Belgica
Acta Clinica Belgica 医学-医学:内科
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
44
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Acta Clinica Belgica: International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine primarily publishes papers on clinical medicine, clinical chemistry, pathology and molecular biology, provided they describe results which contribute to our understanding of clinical problems or describe new methods applicable to clinical investigation. Readership includes physicians, pathologists, pharmacists and physicians working in non-academic and academic hospitals, practicing internal medicine and its subspecialties.
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