非编码RNA在HIV转录和潜伏期中的作用研究进展

IF 1.5 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES HIV AIDS-Research and Palliative Care Pub Date : 2023-03-14 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.2147/HIV.S383347
Peter W Ramirez, Christina Pantoja, Nadejda Beliakova-Bethell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

潜伏细胞储存库的存在被认为是HIV治愈的主要障碍。重新激活和消除“休克和杀死”或永久沉默“阻断和锁定”潜伏的艾滋病毒库,以及基因编辑,仍然是有希望的方法,但到目前为止只证明了部分成功。此外,使用潜伏期逆转药物或“阻断和锁定”药物会带来额外的考虑,包括引起细胞毒性的能力,潜在的缺乏对HIV的特异性,或者当每种药物单独使用时效力较低。RNA分子,如microRNAs (miRNAs)和长链非编码RNA (lncRNAs)越来越被认为是基因表达的重要调节因子。由于mirna和lncrna比蛋白质编码基因更具有细胞类型和组织特异性,因此基于rna的对抗HIV潜伏期的方法是一种很有前途的策略。因此,靶向潜伏HIV病毒库的更高特异性和更小的整体细胞毒性可能实现。在这篇综述中,我们对人类基因组中编码的mirna和lncrna调控HIV基因表达以及HIV基因组中编码的调控分子进行了综述。我们讨论了HIV基因表达的转录和转录后调控,以符合当前潜伏期的定义,并描述了促进HIV潜伏期或具有抗潜伏期特性的RNA分子。最后,我们提供了使用每一类RNA作为对抗HIV潜伏期的潜在靶点的观点,并描述了不同RNA分子、它们的蛋白质靶点和HIV之间相互作用的复杂性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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An Evaluation on the Role of Non-Coding RNA in HIV Transcription and Latency: A Review.

The existence of latent cellular reservoirs is recognized as the major barrier to an HIV cure. Reactivating and eliminating "shock and kill" or permanently silencing "block and lock" the latent HIV reservoir, as well as gene editing, remain promising approaches, but so far have proven to be only partially successful. Moreover, using latency reversing agents or "block and lock" drugs pose additional considerations, including the ability to cause cellular toxicity, a potential lack of specificity for HIV, or low potency when each agent is used alone. RNA molecules, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are becoming increasingly recognized as important regulators of gene expression. RNA-based approaches for combatting HIV latency represent a promising strategy since both miRNAs and lncRNAs are more cell-type and tissue specific than protein coding genes. Thus, a higher specificity of targeting the latent HIV reservoir with less overall cellular toxicity can likely be achieved. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about HIV gene expression regulation by miRNAs and lncRNAs encoded in the human genome, as well as regulatory molecules encoded in the HIV genome. We discuss both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of HIV gene expression to align with the current definition of latency, and describe RNA molecules that either promote HIV latency or have anti-latency properties. Finally, we provide perspectives on using each class of RNAs as potential targets for combatting HIV latency, and describe the complexity of the interactions between different RNA molecules, their protein targets, and HIV.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
6.70%
发文量
61
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: About Dove Medical Press Dove Medical Press Ltd is part of Taylor & Francis Group, the Academic Publishing Division of Informa PLC. We specialize in the publication of Open Access peer-reviewed journals across the broad spectrum of science, technology and especially medicine. Dove Medical Press was founded in 2003 with the objective of combining the highest editorial standards with the ''best of breed'' new publishing technologies. We have offices in Manchester and London in the United Kingdom, representatives in Princeton, New Jersey in the United States, and our editorial offices are in Auckland, New Zealand. Dr Scott Fraser is our Medical Director based in the UK. He has been in full time clinical practice for over 20 years as well as having an active research interest.
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