证据积累模型对人类社会认知有何启示?

IF 1.5 3区 心理学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-23 DOI:10.1177/17470218231176950
Samantha Parker, Richard Ramsey
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摘要

证据积累模型是一系列为加速决策提供解释的计算模型。这些模型在认知心理学文献中得到了广泛应用,并取得了巨大成功,可以推断出认知的心理过程,而传统的准确性或反应时间(RT)分析有时是无法推断出这些过程的。尽管如此,这些模型在社会认知领域的应用却寥寥无几。在本文中,我们将探讨人类社会信息处理研究如何从证据积累模型的应用中获益。首先,我们简要概述了证据积累模型框架及其过去在认知心理学领域的成功应用。然后,我们强调了社会认知研究从证据积累方法中获益的五种方式。这包括:(1) 更明确的假设;(2) 在不同的任务条件下进行明确的比较;(3) 量化和比较标准化测量的效果大小;(4) 研究个体差异的新方法;(5) 提高可重复性和可访问性。我们将用社会注意力领域的实例来说明这些观点。最后,我们概述了一些方法论和实践方面的注意事项,这些注意事项应有助于研究人员有效地使用证据积累模型。最后,我们将看到,证据积累模型提供了一个完善、易用和通俗易懂的框架,可以揭示认知方面的推论,而这些推论在传统的准确性和实时性分析中可能是无法实现的。因此,这种方法有可能极大地改变我们对社会认知的理解。
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What can evidence accumulation modelling tell us about human social cognition?

Evidence accumulation models are a series of computational models that provide an account for speeded decision-making. These models have been used extensively within the cognitive psychology literature to great success, allowing inferences to be drawn about the psychological processes that underlie cognition that are sometimes not available in a traditional analysis of accuracy or reaction time (RT). Despite this, there have been only a few applications of these models within the domain of social cognition. In this article, we explore several ways in which the study of human social information processing would benefit from application of evidence accumulation modelling. We begin first with a brief overview of the evidence accumulation modelling framework and their past success within the domain of cognitive psychology. We then highlight five ways in which social cognitive research would benefit from an evidence accumulation approach. This includes (1) greater specification of assumptions, (2) unambiguous comparisons across blocked task conditions, (3) quantifying and comparing the magnitude of effects in standardised measures, (4) a novel approach for studying individual differences, and (5) improved reproducibility and accessibility. These points are illustrated using examples from the domain of social attention. Finally, we outline several methodological and practical considerations, which should help researchers use evidence accumulation models productively. Ultimately, it will be seen that evidence accumulation modelling offers a well-developed, accessible, and commonly understood framework that can reveal inferences about cognition that may otherwise be out of reach in a traditional analysis of accuracy and RT. This approach, therefore, has the potential to substantially revise our understanding of social cognition.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
5.90%
发文量
178
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Promoting the interests of scientific psychology and its researchers, QJEP, the journal of the Experimental Psychology Society, is a leading journal with a long-standing tradition of publishing cutting-edge research. Several articles have become classic papers in the fields of attention, perception, learning, memory, language, and reasoning. The journal publishes original articles on any topic within the field of experimental psychology (including comparative research). These include substantial experimental reports, review papers, rapid communications (reporting novel techniques or ground breaking results), comments (on articles previously published in QJEP or on issues of general interest to experimental psychologists), and book reviews. Experimental results are welcomed from all relevant techniques, including behavioural testing, brain imaging and computational modelling. QJEP offers a competitive publication time-scale. Accepted Rapid Communications have priority in the publication cycle and usually appear in print within three months. We aim to publish all accepted (but uncorrected) articles online within seven days. Our Latest Articles page offers immediate publication of articles upon reaching their final form. The journal offers an open access option called Open Select, enabling authors to meet funder requirements to make their article free to read online for all in perpetuity. Authors also benefit from a broad and diverse subscription base that delivers the journal contents to a world-wide readership. Together these features ensure that the journal offers authors the opportunity to raise the visibility of their work to a global audience.
期刊最新文献
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