治疗猴痘的抗病毒药物:在普通人群和艾滋病毒阳性人群中的使用以及研究空白。简短的叙述性回顾。

Q2 Medicine Infezioni in Medicina Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.53854/liim-3102-6
Daniel Toshkov Ivanov, Yoanna Andreeva Slabakova, Radka Mladenova Argirova, Trifon Kostadinov Valkov
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引用次数: 4

摘要

猴痘(Mpox)是由猴痘病毒(MPXV)引起的一种新出现的病毒性疾病,猴痘病毒是正痘病毒属的一种双链DNA病毒,于1970年首次在人类中报道。自2022年5月以来,这种感染在全球蔓延,世界卫生组织(世卫组织)宣布进入突发公共卫生事件。鉴于这一全球性威胁,一直致力于促进疾病传播以及确定可行的治疗方式。艾滋病毒感染者出现不良后果的风险可能会增加,可能需要抗病毒治疗。关于抗逆转录病毒药物,预期的药物不良反应并不排除联合使用抗逆转录病毒疗法和抗病毒药物治疗m痘。需要更多关于HIV免疫缺陷患者的治疗建议和疗效的数据。本文综述了特可韦莫、西多福韦和布林多福韦等抗病毒药物在mpox易感人群(如HIV感染者)中的应用,以及未来研究可能存在的不足。Tecovirimat是正痘病毒VP37包膜蛋白的抑制剂,因此不可能形成包膜病毒。西多福韦及其前药brincidofovir通过抑制DNA聚合酶干扰DNA合成。正在进行的研究正在加强,以验证有效性和适用性。
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Antivirals for the treatment of Monkeypox: utilization in the general and HIV-positive population and gaps for research. A short narrative review.

Monkeypox (Mpox) is an emerging viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double-stranded DNA virus member of the genus Orthopoxvirus, first reported in humans in 1970. Since May 2022, a global spread of the infection has occurred that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a public health emergency. In view of the global threat, efforts have been devoted to bolstering the disease spread as well as identifying viable therapeutic modalities. People living with HIV may be at an increased risk of adverse outcomes and may require antiviral treatment. With regard to antiretroviral drugs agents, the anticipated adverse drug reactions do not preclude the co-administration of combined antiretroviral therapy and antivirals for mpox. More data on treatment recommendations and efficacy in patients with immunodeficiency due to HIV is needed. In this review, tecovirimat, cidofovir and brincidofovir - antiviral agents with activity against MPXV and other Orthopoxviruses are reviewed, their utilization in vulnerable patient groups affected by mpox such as people living with HIV and possible gaps for future research. Tecovirimat is an inhibitor of the Orthopoxvirus VP37 envelope wrapping protein thus rendering enveloped virus formation impossible. Cidofovir and its prodrug brincidofovir interfere with DNA synthesis through DNA polymerase inhibition. Ongoing research is intensified to verify efficacy and applicability.

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来源期刊
Infezioni in Medicina
Infezioni in Medicina Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
62
期刊介绍: The Journal publishes original papers, in Italian or in English, on topics concerning aetiopathogenesis, prevention, epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical features and therapy of infections, whose acceptance is subject to the referee’s assessment. The Journal is of interest not only to infectious disease specialists, microbiologists and pharmacologists, but also to internal medicine specialists, paediatricians, pneumologists, and to surgeons as well. The Editorial Board includes experts in each of the above mentioned fields.
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