Konstantinos M Pigakis, Vasileios T Stavrou, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Zoe Daniil, Aggeliki K Kontopodi-Pigaki, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
{"title":"水合作用对职业自行车运动员肺功能及运动性支气管收缩发展的影响。","authors":"Konstantinos M Pigakis, Vasileios T Stavrou, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Zoe Daniil, Aggeliki K Kontopodi-Pigaki, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis","doi":"10.3390/arm91030019","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common problem in elite athletes. Classical pathways in the development of EIB include the osmotic and thermal theory as well as the presence of epithelial injury in the airway, with local water loss being the main trigger of EIB. This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic hydration on pulmonary function and to establish whether it can reverse dehydration-induced alterations in pulmonary function.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This follow-up study was performed among professional cyclists, without a history of asthma and/or atopy. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded for all participants, and the training age was determined. In addition, pulmonary function tests and specific markers such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured. All the athletes underwent body composition analysis and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). After CPET, spirometry was followed at the 3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 30th min. This study was divided into two phases: before and after hydration. Cyclists, who experienced a decrease in Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) ≥ 10% and/or Maximal Mild-Expiratory Flow Rate (MEF<sub>25-75</sub>) ≥ 20% after CPET in relation to the results of the spirometry before CPET, repeated the test in 15-20 days, following instructions for hydration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred male cyclists (<i>n</i> = 100) participated in Phase A. After exercise, there was a decrease in all spirometric parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In Phase B, after hydration, in all comparisons, the changes in spirometric values were significantly lower than those in Phase A (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that professional cyclists have non-beneficial effects on respiratory function. Additionally, we found that systemic hydration has a positive effect on spirometry in cyclists. Of particular interest are small airways, which appear to be affected independently or in combination with the decrease in FEV<sub>1</sub>. Our data suggest that pulmonary function improves systemic after hydration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7391,"journal":{"name":"Advances in respiratory medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10295158/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Hydration on Pulmonary Function and Development of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction among Professional Male Cyclists.\",\"authors\":\"Konstantinos M Pigakis, Vasileios T Stavrou, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Zoe Daniil, Aggeliki K Kontopodi-Pigaki, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/arm91030019\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common problem in elite athletes. Classical pathways in the development of EIB include the osmotic and thermal theory as well as the presence of epithelial injury in the airway, with local water loss being the main trigger of EIB. This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic hydration on pulmonary function and to establish whether it can reverse dehydration-induced alterations in pulmonary function.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This follow-up study was performed among professional cyclists, without a history of asthma and/or atopy. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded for all participants, and the training age was determined. In addition, pulmonary function tests and specific markers such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured. All the athletes underwent body composition analysis and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). After CPET, spirometry was followed at the 3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 30th min. This study was divided into two phases: before and after hydration. Cyclists, who experienced a decrease in Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) ≥ 10% and/or Maximal Mild-Expiratory Flow Rate (MEF<sub>25-75</sub>) ≥ 20% after CPET in relation to the results of the spirometry before CPET, repeated the test in 15-20 days, following instructions for hydration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred male cyclists (<i>n</i> = 100) participated in Phase A. After exercise, there was a decrease in all spirometric parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In Phase B, after hydration, in all comparisons, the changes in spirometric values were significantly lower than those in Phase A (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that professional cyclists have non-beneficial effects on respiratory function. Additionally, we found that systemic hydration has a positive effect on spirometry in cyclists. Of particular interest are small airways, which appear to be affected independently or in combination with the decrease in FEV<sub>1</sub>. 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Effect of Hydration on Pulmonary Function and Development of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction among Professional Male Cyclists.
Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common problem in elite athletes. Classical pathways in the development of EIB include the osmotic and thermal theory as well as the presence of epithelial injury in the airway, with local water loss being the main trigger of EIB. This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic hydration on pulmonary function and to establish whether it can reverse dehydration-induced alterations in pulmonary function.
Materials and methods: This follow-up study was performed among professional cyclists, without a history of asthma and/or atopy. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded for all participants, and the training age was determined. In addition, pulmonary function tests and specific markers such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured. All the athletes underwent body composition analysis and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). After CPET, spirometry was followed at the 3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 30th min. This study was divided into two phases: before and after hydration. Cyclists, who experienced a decrease in Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) ≥ 10% and/or Maximal Mild-Expiratory Flow Rate (MEF25-75) ≥ 20% after CPET in relation to the results of the spirometry before CPET, repeated the test in 15-20 days, following instructions for hydration.
Results: One hundred male cyclists (n = 100) participated in Phase A. After exercise, there was a decrease in all spirometric parameters (p < 0.001). In Phase B, after hydration, in all comparisons, the changes in spirometric values were significantly lower than those in Phase A (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that professional cyclists have non-beneficial effects on respiratory function. Additionally, we found that systemic hydration has a positive effect on spirometry in cyclists. Of particular interest are small airways, which appear to be affected independently or in combination with the decrease in FEV1. Our data suggest that pulmonary function improves systemic after hydration.
期刊介绍:
"Advances in Respiratory Medicine" is a new international title for "Pneumonologia i Alergologia Polska", edited bimonthly and addressed to respiratory professionals. The Journal contains peer-reviewed original research papers, short communications, case-reports, recommendations of the Polish Respiratory Society concerning the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases, editorials, postgraduate education articles, letters and book reviews in the field of pneumonology, allergology, oncology, immunology and infectious diseases. "Advances in Respiratory Medicine" is an open access, official journal of Polish Society of Lung Diseases, Polish Society of Allergology and National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases.