大麻与酒精共用模式:替代效应与互补效应。

IF 6.8 1区 医学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Alcohol Research : Current Reviews Pub Date : 2022-02-10 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI:10.35946/arcr.v42.1.04
Rachel L Gunn, Elizabeth R Aston, Jane Metrik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:本综述旨在讨论有关同时使用(共同使用)酒精和大麻的文献,以及关于大麻是作为酒精的替代品(即取代酒精的作用,导致使用减少)还是作为酒精的补充品(即用于增强酒精的作用,导致使用增加)的相互竞争的假设。随着用于医疗和娱乐目的的大麻不断合法化,大麻使用对酒精相关结果的影响受到越来越多的关注。关于这两种假设的证据存在于各种数据收集方法和样本的文献中,本文将对其进行仔细回顾。此外,还深入探讨了大麻可能作为酒精替代品或补充品的各种机制,目的是更好地理解模棱两可的研究结果:本综述包括通过搜索有关酒精和大麻共同使用的研究而确定的文章,特别侧重于探讨共同使用的互补性与替代性方面的研究。搜索关键词包括 Google Scholar、PsycINFO、MEDLINE 和 Web of Science。符合条件的研究是那些在实验室、调查或生态学瞬间评估研究中对人类样本中的酒精和大麻共同使用情况进行测量的研究,或者那些直接提及替代或互补使用模式的研究:搜索结果共检索到 650 篇文章,其中 95 篇符合纳入标准:本综述的结果揭示了替代效应和互补效应的有力证据,表明这些研究对不同人群进行了细致入微但意义重大的区分。确定了使用大麻对酒精相关结果产生影响的几种机制,包括共同使用的模式和背景、使用的时间和顺序、大麻素配方、药代动力学相互作用以及使用者特征(包括诊断状态),所有这些都可能影响替代效应和互补效应。本综述将为今后在临床和社区样本中对这一主题进行的研究提供信息,并有助于针对最容易受到共同使用负面影响的人群开展治疗和预防工作。最后,本综述强调有必要在更多样化的样本中开展更多研究,并使用混合方法设计来检查药物和环境对共同使用的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Patterns of Cannabis and Alcohol Co-Use: Substitution Versus Complementary Effects.

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to discuss the literature regarding the concurrent use (co-use) of alcohol and cannabis and competing hypotheses as to whether cannabis acts as a substitute for (i.e., replacing the effects of alcohol, resulting in decreased use) or a complement to (i.e., used to enhance the effects of alcohol, resulting in increased use) alcohol. The impact of cannabis use on alcohol-related outcomes has received increased attention in the wake of ongoing legalization of cannabis for both medical and recreational purposes. Evidence for both hypotheses exists in the literature across a broad range of data collection methods and samples and is carefully reviewed here. In addition, various mechanisms by which cannabis may act as an alcohol substitute or complement are explored in depth with the goal of better understanding equivocal findings.

Search methods: This review includes articles that were identified from a search for studies on alcohol and cannabis co-use, with a specific focus on studies exploring complementary versus substitution aspects of co-use. Search terms were included in Google Scholar, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. Eligible studies were those that measured alcohol and cannabis co-use in human samples in laboratory, survey, or ecological momentary assessment studies, or that directly referenced substitution or complementary patterns of use.

Search results: Search results returned 650 articles, with 95 meeting inclusion criteria.

Discussion and conclusions: Results of this review reveal compelling evidence for both substitution and complementary effects, suggesting nuanced yet significant distinctions across different populations examined in these studies. Several mechanisms for the impact of cannabis use on alcohol-related outcomes are identified, including patterns and context of co-use, timing and order of use, cannabinoid formulation, pharmacokinetic interactions, and user characteristics (including diagnostic status), all of which may influence substitution versus complementary effects. This review will inform future research studies examining this topic in both clinical and community samples and aid in the development of treatment and prevention efforts targeting those populations most vulnerable to negative consequences of co-use. Finally, this review highlights the need for additional research in more diverse samples and the use of mixed-methods designs to examine both pharmacological and contextual influences on co-use.

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期刊介绍: Alcohol Research: Current Reviews (ARCR) is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal published by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) at the National Institutes of Health. Starting from 2020, ARCR follows a continuous, rolling publication model, releasing one virtual issue per yearly volume. The journal offers free online access to its articles without subscription or pay-per-view fees. Readers can explore the content of the current volume, and past volumes are accessible in the journal's archive. ARCR's content, including previous titles, is indexed in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science.
期刊最新文献
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