[Chemotherapy-associated clinical dynamics of nosogenic reactions in breast and ovarian cancer model].

Objective: To study the clinical features, dynamics and factors of nosogenic reactions (NR) development in patients with breast and ovarian cancers at the stage of chemotherapy.

Material and methods: The study involved 35 patients who underwent chemotherapy. Clinical-psychopathological and psychometric methods were used to assess the mental state.

Results: We distinguished 3 clinical types of nosogenic reactions: anxiety-phobic (n=14, 40%), anxiety-depression (n=13, 37%) and dissociative reaction (n=8, 23%). It was discovered that nosogenic reactions reflect the dynamics of psychopathological disorders associated with chemotherapy and they are connected with premorbid personality structure of the patients. When compared on the Mini-mult scales, differences were found between patients of the anxiety-phobic and dissociative groups: the score on the Anxiety and Depressive Tendencies scale was significantly higher in the group of patients with anxious-phobic NR (p<0.01), as was the score on the scale «Anxiety fixation and restrictive behavior», which was correlated with such personality traits as sensitivity, self-doubt, low self-esteem, obsessive fears (p<0.05). According to the results of the Spielberger-Khanin anxiety scale, in general, the sample was characterized by an increased level of anxiety compared to the norm: the average scores were 49.7 for trait anxiety and 47.7 for state anxiety.

Conclusion: Nosogenic reactions can undergo dynamic changes at various stages of treatment. The proposed typology of nosogenies in a more detailed study can have not only scientific, but also practical significance for determining the personalized tactics of psychiatric care for cancer patients at different stages of the disease.