墨西哥湾Schizocardium karankawa sp. 11 . (Enteropneusta)的胚胎学、变态和肌肉发育。

IF 4.1 2区 生物学 Q1 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Evodevo Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI:10.1186/s13227-023-00212-0
Noura Jabr, Paul Gonzalez, Kevin M Kocot, Christopher B Cameron
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引用次数: 0

摘要

卡拉卡瓦Schizocardium karankawa sp. 11 .是从德克萨斯州拉古纳马德雷和墨西哥湾密西西比海岸的潮下泥中收集到的。德克萨斯州的人口从2月初到4月中旬是繁殖期。配子通过在性腺上的一个小切口释放出来。精子存在时卵母细胞生发囊泡破裂增加,在人工海水中受精成功率最高。人工去角质的胚胎发育正常。发育过程为非同步的,经过虫幼虫、变态和维持到幼虫6鳃孔期。经phalloidin标记的晚期结节显示牵开肌连接心包囊前部与根茎丛、食道腹侧,以及早期肠系膜的肌肉细胞。早期幼虫的肌肉发育始于躯干背外侧肌、躯干外侧带和鳃孔和肛门周围的括约肌。成虫的特征是:胃弓在前面分叉成成对的蚓状突起,鳃杆几乎延伸到整个鳃腹区,形成一个狭窄的鳃腹下脊,以及一个精致的鳃外器官,有六个独立的细胞类型区。躯干有三排肝囊和侧性腺。橡子蠕虫进化模式种Saccoglossus kowalevskii, Ptychodera flava和Schizocardium californicum在系统发育上是遥远的,具有不同的生活史。美国从美国californicum karnakawa系统关闭,以及它们之间的差异变得明显,成虫包括鳃孔的数量和肝囊,和论述的heart-kidney-stomochord复杂。进化发育生物学的一个重要挑战是形成从系统发育上远距离和大规模差异到系统发育上近距离和小规模差异的联系。对S. karankawa的胚胎学、发育和成虫形态的描述允许研究橡子虫是如何在精细尺度上发育进化的。
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The embryology, metamorphosis, and muscle development of Schizocardium karankawa sp. nov. (Enteropneusta) from the Gulf of Mexico.

Schizocardium karankawa sp. nov. has been collected from subtidal muds of the Laguna Madre, Texas, and the Mississippi coast, Gulf of Mexico. The Texas population is reproductive from early February to mid-April. Gametes are liberated by a small incision in a gonad. Oocyte germinal vesicle breakdown is increased in the presence of sperm, and the highest fertilization success was in the artificial seawater Jamarin U. Manually dechorionated embryos develop normally. Development was asynchronous via a tornaria larva, metamorphosis and maintained to the juvenile worm 6 gill-pore stage. Phalloidin-labeled late-stage tornaria revealed retractor muscles that connect the pericardial sac with the apical tuft anteriorly, the oesophagus ventrally, and muscle cells of the early mesocoels. The muscle development of early juvenile worms began with dorso-lateral trunk muscles, lateral trunk bands, and sphincters around the gill pores and anus. Adult worms are characterized by a stomochord that bifurcates anteriorly into paired vermiform processes, gill bars that extend almost the entire dorsal to ventral branchial region resulting in a narrow ventral hypobranchial ridge, and an elaborate epibranchial organ with six zones of discrete cell types. The trunk has up to three rows of liver sacs, and lateral gonads. The acorn worm evo-devo model species Saccoglossus kowalevskii, Ptychodera flava, and Schizocardium californicum are phylogenetically distant with disparate life histories. S. karnakawa from S. californicum are phylogenetically close, and differences between them that become apparent as adult worms include the number of gill pores and hepatic sacs, and elaborations of the heart-kidney-stomochord complex. An important challenge for evolutionary developmental biology is to form links from phylogenetically distant and large-scale differences to phylogenetically close and small-scale differences. This description of the embryology, development, and adult morphology of S. karankawa permits investigations into how acorn worm development evolves at fine scales.

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来源期刊
Evodevo
Evodevo EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: EvoDevo publishes articles on a broad range of topics associated with the translation of genotype to phenotype in a phylogenetic context. Understanding the history of life, the evolution of novelty and the generation of form, whether through embryogenesis, budding, or regeneration are amongst the greatest challenges in biology. We support the understanding of these processes through the many complementary approaches that characterize the field of evo-devo. The focus of the journal is on research that promotes understanding of the pattern and process of morphological evolution. All articles that fulfill this aim will be welcome, in particular: evolution of pattern; formation comparative gene function/expression; life history evolution; homology and character evolution; comparative genomics; phylogenetics and palaeontology
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