科学陷坑:基于滚雪球抽样的调查数据估算同行评议的成本。

Allana G LeBlanc, Joel D Barnes, Travis J Saunders, Mark S Tremblay, Jean-Philippe Chaput
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:与发表科学发现相关的费用有多种。这项工作的目的是估计科学出版中每个审稿人,每年和整个科学界的同行评议成本。方法:基于互联网的自我报告,横断面调查,现场时间为2021年6月28日至2021年8月2日。参与者是通过滚雪球抽样招募的。对地理位置或研究领域没有任何限制。被要求在2020年至少为一份提交给科学期刊的手稿担任同行审稿人的受访者符合条件。主要结果测量是每人每年同行评审的成本(计算为工资-成本x每年初次评审的次数和重新评审的次数)。次要结果是全球同行评议的成本(计算方法为Scopus中同行评议论文的数量x初次评议和再评议的工资成本中位数)。结果:共有354名参与者完成了调查的至少一个问题,来自33个国家的308名参与者(44%来自加拿大)获得了计算同行评审成本所需的信息。同行评议的费用估计为每人每年1272美元(初次评议1015美元,重新评议256美元),或科学界每年11 - 17亿美元。根据Dimensions数据库并考虑审稿但被拒绝的稿件,2020年同行评议的全球成本估计为60亿美元。结论:同行评议代表了科学出版的重要财务部分。我们的结果可能不代表所有国家或研究领域,但与以前的估计一致,并提供同行审稿人自己的额外背景。长期以来,研究人员和科学家一直将同行评议作为对科学界的贡献。认识到同行评议的重要性,机构应该在职位描述、绩效评估、晋升方案和资金申请中承认这些成本。期刊应该开发方法来补偿审稿人的时间,提高透明度,同时保持同行评审过程的完整性。
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Scientific sinkhole: estimating the cost of peer review based on survey data with snowball sampling.

Background: There are a variety of costs associated with publication of scientific findings. The purpose of this work was to estimate the cost of peer review in scientific publishing per reviewer, per year and for the entire scientific community.

Methods: Internet-based self-report, cross-sectional survey, live between June 28, 2021 and August 2, 2021 was used. Participants were recruited via snowball sampling. No restrictions were placed on geographic location or field of study. Respondents who were asked to act as a peer-reviewer for at least one manuscript submitted to a scientific journal in 2020 were eligible. The primary outcome measure was the cost of peer review per person, per year (calculated as wage-cost x number of initial reviews and number of re-reviews per year). The secondary outcome was the cost of peer review globally (calculated as the number of peer-reviewed papers in Scopus x median wage-cost of initial review and re-review).

Results: A total of 354 participants completed at least one question of the survey, and information necessary to calculate the cost of peer-review was available for 308 participants from 33 countries (44% from Canada). The cost of peer review was estimated at $US1,272 per person, per year ($US1,015 for initial review and $US256 for re-review), or US$1.1-1.7 billion for the scientific community per year. The global cost of peer-review was estimated at US$6 billion in 2020 when relying on the Dimensions database and taking into account reviewed-but-rejected manuscripts.

Conclusions: Peer review represents an important financial piece of scientific publishing. Our results may not represent all countries or fields of study, but are consistent with previous estimates and provide additional context from peer reviewers themselves. Researchers and scientists have long provided peer review as a contribution to the scientific community. Recognizing the importance of peer-review, institutions should acknowledge these costs in job descriptions, performance measurement, promotion packages, and funding applications. Journals should develop methods to compensate reviewers for their time and improve transparency while maintaining the integrity of the peer-review process.

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