Ranvier淋巴结的自身免疫易感性

IF 3.9 3区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI:10.1111/jns.12570
Luis Querol, Emilien Delmont, Cinta Lleixà
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引用次数: 1

摘要

Ranvier淋巴结(NoR)是神经传导的重要区域,其破坏在免疫介导的神经病变的病理生理中起着关键作用。我们对特殊淋巴结区域和影响它们的免疫机制的理解正在增长,并导致周围神经病变分类的更新,包括自身免疫结节病,由自身免疫攻击部位定义。针对结区分子的自身抗体(如神经束蛋白140/186、神经束蛋白155、接触蛋白1、接触蛋白相关蛋白1、接触蛋白相关蛋白2、神经节苷、LGI4或髓鞘相关糖蛋白)、巨噬细胞诱导的旁结脱髓鞘以及雪旺细胞结域的表型改变已被确定为自身免疫性神经病变发病的关键机制。这篇综述探讨了目前对NoR自身免疫性易感性的认识,包括导致各种自身免疫性疾病功能障碍的潜在机制。
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The autoimmune vulnerability of the node of Ranvier

The nodes of Ranvier (NoR) are essential domains for nerve conduction and their disruption plays a key role in the pathophysiology of immune-mediated neuropathies. Our understanding of the specialized nodal regions and the immune mechanisms that affect them is growing and has led to the update of peripheral neuropathy classification to include the autoimmune nodopathies, defined by the site of the autoimmune attack. Autoantibodies directed against molecules of the nodal region (as neurofascin-140/186, neurofascin-155, contactin-1, contactin-associated protein 1, contactin-associated protein 2, gangliosides, LGI4, or myelin-associated glycoprotein), macrophage-induced paranodal demyelination, and phenotypic changes of the nodal domains of Schwann cells have been identified as key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune neuropathies. This review explores the current knowledge of the autoimmune vulnerability of the NoR, including the underlying mechanisms leading to dysfunction in the diverse autoimmune disorders.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.90%
发文量
45
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System is the official journal of the Peripheral Nerve Society. Founded in 1996, it is the scientific journal of choice for clinicians, clinical scientists and basic neuroscientists interested in all aspects of biology and clinical research of peripheral nervous system disorders. The Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes high quality articles on cell and molecular biology, genomics, neuropathic pain, clinical research, trials, and unique case reports on inherited and acquired peripheral neuropathies. Original articles are organized according to the topic in one of four specific areas: Mechanisms of Disease, Genetics, Clinical Research, and Clinical Trials. The journal also publishes regular review papers on hot topics and Special Issues on basic, clinical, or assembled research in the field of peripheral nervous system disorders. Authors interested in contributing a review-type article or a Special Issue should contact the Editorial Office to discuss the scope of the proposed article with the Editor-in-Chief.
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