The Effect of Prebiotics on Atopic Dermatitis.

https://e-aair.org The human microbiota interacts with host immunity, leading to immune dysfunction associated with allergy and asthma.1 In particular, many studies revealed that gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD). In a comparative analysis between AD patients and healthy controls, the former group showed diminished levels of Bifidobacterium in the gut. Furthermore, an inverse correlation was identified between AD severity and percentages of Bifidobacterium.2 Low gut microbiota diversity (P = 0.004), particularly low diversity of the bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes (P = 0.02) and the genus Bacteroides (P = 0.01), at 1 month of age was significantly associated with AD until 2 years of age.3 When compared to the control group, a subgroup of AD showed lower functional genes related to host immune development and this finding was associated with reduced colonization of mucin-degrading bacteria (Akkermansia muciniphila, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Lachnospiraceae bacterium 2_1_58FAA) in the gut.4 The fecal samples at 6 months of age showed that the proportion of Streptococcus was significantly higher and Clostridium was significantly lower In infants with AD at 2 years of age.5 Overall, the development and persistence of AD are associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, and this effect may be mediated by the gutskin axis through immunologic, metabolic, and neuroendocrine pathways.6,7