Potential gastrointestinal Behcet's disease flare after treatment with anti-interleukin 17a therapy.

Background: Behcet's disease (BD) is a systemic disease characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers. The underlying disease pathway likely involves interleukin (IL)-17 A, a proinflammatory cytokine that is implicated in Behcet's uveitis. Secukinumab is an anti-IL-17 A drug that may have an emerging role in the treatment of refractory BD. This is the first known case report of gastrointestinal BD flare up after anti-IL-17 A therapy.

Case presentation: We presented a case of BD with cutaneous and articular features being treated with secukinumab. After the third dose of loading secukinumab, the patient developed acute lower abdominal pain required hospital admission. Urgent computer tomography (CT) abdomen showed fatty stranding of caecum. Colonoscopy with caecal showed increased number of inflammatory cells in lamina propria. Secukinumab was stopped and patient was started on medium dose steroid. His abdominal symptoms resolved after treatment.

Conclusions: This case report illustrates a case of gastrointestinal (GI) BD presenting as acute inflammatory colitis after the use of secukinumab. Therefore, anti-IL-17 A agents should be used cautiously in patients with GI BD, and preferably guided by a phenotype-tailored approach.