Mid-Term Outcomes of Primary Arterial Switch Operation for Taussig-Bing Anomaly

Abstract

To identify risk factors associated with mortality and reintervention on primary arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing anomaly in 225 cases over a 16-year period. From 2002 to 2017, 225 children with Taussig-Bing anomaly received a primary arterial switch operation at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center. Perioperative data and follow-up results were collected. Univariate and multivariable analysis was used to explore risk factors associated with early mortality. The competing risk analysis was used to identify risk factors related to reintervention. Early mortality was 12.9% (29/225) with a satisfactory long-term survival rate (10-year survival rate 85.0%). The median age at repair was 77 days (interquartile range, IQR, 48–139). The median duration of follow-up was 4.6 (range 0.1–18.3) years. 87 children (38.7%) received concomitant aortic arch repair. Prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (a-OR 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.28, p < 0.001) is found to be an independent risk factor for early death. Larger weight at repair tends to be a protective factor (a-OR 0.66, 95% CI, 0.425–1.02, p = 0.060) and intramural coronary artery (a-OR 4.81, 95% CI, 0.927–24.9, p = 0.062) tends to be a risk factor for early mortality. The cumulative incidence rate of overall reintervention was 18.9% (95% CI, 10.3%–27.4%) at 5 years and 32.3% (95% CI, 17,0%–47.6%) at 10 years. No independent risk factors were identified for long-term overall reintervention. Prolonged aortic-cross clamp time was an independent risk factor for long-term right-sided reintervention (adjusted hazard ratio [a-HR] 1.12, 95% CI 1.005–1.25, p = 0.041). Neo-aortic regurgitation was a concern with an incidence rate of moderate or greater neo-AR of 16.1 % (95% CI 7.6%–24.7%) at 10 years. Intramural coronary artery remains a surgical challenge in primary arterial switch operation for the Taussig-Bing anomaly. Larger weight at ASO tends to be a protective factor for early death. Reintervention is frequently necessary but can be performed with satisfactory results.