Ultra-processed food consumption in Argentina according to income level and its association with the intake of healthy foods.

IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Nutrition Bulletin Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-09 DOI:10.1111/nbu.12624
María Elisa Zapata, Ezequiel Arrieta, Belén Beltramo, Alicia Rovirosa
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Abstract

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are associated with unhealthy diets and chronic diseases. Hence, knowing the consumption pattern of UPFs in the general population is crucial to design policies to improve public health, such as the recently approved law for the Promotion of Healthy Eating in Argentina (Law N° 27.642). The aim of the study was to characterise the consumption of UPFs according to income level and to assess their association with the intake of healthy foods in the Argentinian population. Healthy foods were defined in this study as those non-UPF groups that have been shown to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases and excluded certain natural or minimally processed foods such as red meat, poultry and eggs. We retrieved data from the 2018-2019 National Nutrition and Health Survey (ENNyS 2), a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey performed in Argentina, including 15 595 inhabitants. We classified the 1040 food items recorded by the degree of processing using the NOVA system. UPFs represented nearly 26% of daily energy. The intake of UPFs increased with income, with a difference of up to 5 percentage points between the lowest (24%) and the highest (29%) income levels (p < 0.001). Cookies, industrial pastries, cakes and sugar-sweetened beverages were the most consumed UPF items, accounting for 10% of daily energy intake. We found that UPF intake was associated with a decrease in consumption of healthy food groups, mainly fruits and vegetables, where a difference of -28.3 g/2000 kcal and -62.3 g/2000 kcal between tertile 1 and tertile 3 was estimated, respectively. Therefore, Argentina still maintains a UPF consumption pattern of a low- and middle-income country, where UPF intake increases with income, but these foods also compete with the intake of healthy foods.

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根据收入水平及其与健康食品摄入的关系,阿根廷的超加工食品消费。
超加工食品与不健康饮食和慢性疾病有关。因此,了解UPF在普通人群中的消费模式对于制定改善公共卫生的政策至关重要,例如最近批准的《阿根廷促进健康饮食法》(第27.642号法律)。该研究的目的是根据收入水平描述UPF的消费情况,并评估其与阿根廷人口健康食品摄入的关系。本研究将健康食品定义为那些已被证明可以降低非传染性疾病风险的非UPF组,并排除了某些天然或最低限度加工的食品,如红肉、家禽和鸡蛋。我们检索了2018-2019年全国营养与健康调查(ENNyS 2)的数据,这是一项在阿根廷进行的具有全国代表性的横断面调查,包括15 595名居民。我们使用NOVA系统按加工程度对1040种食品进行了分类。UPF占每日能量的近26%。UPF的摄入量随着收入的增加而增加,最低(24%)和最高(29%)收入水平之间的差异高达5个百分点(p
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来源期刊
Nutrition Bulletin
Nutrition Bulletin NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
12.10%
发文量
58
期刊介绍: The Nutrition Bulletin provides accessible reviews at the cutting edge of research. Read by researchers and nutritionists working in universities and research institutes; public health nutritionists, dieticians and other health professionals; nutritionists, technologists and others in the food industry; those engaged in higher education including students; and journalists with an interest in nutrition.
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