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Meat and the future of sustainable diets-Challenges and opportunities. 肉类与可持续饮食的未来--挑战与机遇。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12713
A Spiro, Z Hill, S Stanner

The British Nutrition Foundation convened a roundtable event in January 2024 entitled 'Meat and the Future of Sustainable Diets: Turning Challenges into Opportunities', bringing together multi-sector stakeholders to discuss the social, nutritional, public health and environmental aspects of meat consumption within a sustainable food system. Participants explored the challenge of the complexity of balancing nutrition and planetary goals, emphasising the need to navigate trade-offs between various dimensions of sustainability. Whilst recognising the global nature of the issue, the roundtable primarily focussed on a UK perspective. The discussion highlighted the urgency of transforming the food system to achieve net zero, whilst ensuring broader environmental benefits, nutritional adequacy and dietary and health equity across all life stages. Concerns about poor dietary patterns, particularly among vulnerable groups were raised, with participants stressing the need for policies that promote healthy, sustainable and equitable diets without worsening inequalities. These policies should also enhance livelihoods and community wellbeing, foster resilience and support local economies. On the supply side, participants called for better data within the agri-food system, particularly at the farm level. They advocated for a multidimensional, holistic approach that goes beyond greenhouse gas emissions to encompass wider environmental impacts and whole-farm benefits, such as enhancing soil health, promoting biodiversity, improving water management, supporting nutrient cycling and boosting farm-level resilience through diversified cropping systems. Roundtable participants acknowledged existing recommendations to reduce meat consumption for both environmental reasons, such as land use and greenhouse gas emissions, and health concerns, as evidence links red, particularly processed, meat consumption with increased colorectal cancer risk. Given the variation in meat consumption globally and even locally between individuals, the discussion explored the potential of targeted campaigns to reduce high meat intake, along with the role of public food procurement and the food industry in decreasing processed meat consumption. The consensus was that dietary changes must be framed within the context of a balanced diet and broader sustainability concerns. Despite some differing viewpoints on implementation, participants agreed that transitioning to healthier, more sustainable diets is a priority. Collaboration across the entire food chain, from farm to fork, with investment in innovation, robust data collection and research, alongside policy support, was emphasised as essential to achieving this goal.

英国营养基金会于 2024 年 1 月召开了题为 "肉类和可持续饮食的未来:将挑战转化为机遇 "的圆桌会议,汇集了多部门利益相关者,讨论可持续食品体系中肉类消费的社会、营养、公共卫生和环境问题。与会者探讨了平衡营养和地球目标的复杂性,强调需要在可持续发展的各个层面之间权衡利弊。虽然认识到这一问题的全球性,但圆桌会议主要侧重于英国的视角。讨论强调了转变粮食系统以实现净零排放的紧迫性,同时确保更广泛的环境效益、营养充足以及各生命阶段的膳食和健康公平。与会者对不良膳食模式,特别是弱势群体的不良膳食模式表示关切,强调需要制定促进健康、可持续和公平膳食的政策,同时不加剧不平等现象。这些政策还应改善生计和社区福祉,提高复原力,支持地方经济。在供应方面,与会者呼吁改善农业食品系统内的数据,特别是农场一级的数据。他们主张采取多维、整体的方法,不仅要考虑温室气体排放,还要考虑更广泛的环境影响和整个农场的利益,如加强土壤健康、促进生物多样性、改善水管理、支持养分循环以及通过多样化的种植系统提高农场一级的复原力。圆桌讨论的与会者承认,现有的减少肉类消费的建议既出于环境原因(如土地使用和温室气体排放),也出于健康考虑,因为有证据表明,食用红肉,特别是加工肉类与增加结肠直肠癌风险有关。鉴于全球甚至地方上个人肉类消费的差异,讨论探讨了开展有针对性的运动以减少高肉类摄入量的可能性,以及公共食品采购和食品工业在减少加工肉类消费方面的作用。讨论达成的共识是,膳食改变必须以均衡膳食和更广泛的可持续发展为背景。尽管在实施方面存在一些不同观点,但与会者一致认为,向更健康、更可持续的膳食过渡是当务之急。与会者强调,从农场到餐桌的整个食物链的合作、对创新的投资、强有力的数据收集和研究以及政策支持,对于实现这一目标至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
The association between food production, food security, household consumer behaviour and waist-hip ratio amongst women in smallholder farming households in Kilifi County, Kenya. 肯尼亚基利菲县小农家庭妇女的粮食生产、粮食安全、家庭消费行为和腰臀比之间的关系。
IF 2.7 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12718
Rosebella Iseme-Ondiek, Eunice Muthoni Mwangi, Roselyter M Riang'a, Felix Agoi, Noveline Khatievi, James Orwa, Beatrice Karembo Karisa, Bibi Abdallah Bakari, Morris Ogero, Mwanamaka Mabruki, Cyprian Mostert, Anthony K Ngugi

Food insecurity disproportionately affects smallholder farming households and within them women, who bear primary caregiving responsibilities and contend with time and resource constraints that heighten their vulnerability to adverse nutrition-related health outcomes. This study cross-sectionally investigates the association between food production practices, household consumer behaviour, and the experience of food insecurity with women's waist-hip ratio (WHR), a key indicator of abdominal obesity, in a coastal community in Kenya. In total, 394 households were randomly selected from a list of farming households in Kaloleni and Rabai sub-counties of Kilifi. Trained enumerators administered questionnaires to adult female family members who play a pivotal role in household management. Household dietary diversity scores (HDDS) were computed from 16 food groups consumed in the 7 days preceding the survey. Waist-hip measurements focused on these females, representing vulnerable populations. Pathway-based regression models were constructed using STATA version 13 (p < 0.05). Most households practised mixed farming (59.9%) and monocropping (73.2%) and most female respondents were widowed (75.1%) with limited education (73.1% had no formal education) and over 20 years of farming experience. Food insecurity was prevalent, affecting 80.7% of households. Limited dietary diversity was noted with an average HDDS of 9. The most commonly consumed foods were cereals, spices, condiments and beverages, while meat, eggs and fruits were infrequently eaten. An inverse association was observed between HDDS and WHR (standardised regression coefficient = -0.1328; p = 0.026) but while food insecurity was inversely associated with both HDD and WHR, these associations did not reach statistical significance (HDDS-standardised regression coefficient -0.0294; p = 0.592: WHR-standardised regression coefficient -0.0155; p = 0.791). Existing research has primarily addressed the undernutrition and hunger-related impacts of food insecurity. The findings underscore the need to better understand the complex interplay between food insecurity and nutritional health, including markers of adiposity, to effectively promote health.

粮食不安全对小农家庭和其中的妇女造成了极大的影响,因为妇女承担着主要的照顾责任,并受到时间和资源的限制,更容易受到与营养相关的不良健康后果的影响。本研究横向调查了肯尼亚沿海社区的粮食生产方式、家庭消费行为和粮食不安全经历与女性腰臀比(腹部肥胖的关键指标)之间的关系。研究人员从基利菲的卡洛莱尼和拉巴伊两县的农户名单中随机抽取了 394 户家庭。经过培训的调查员对在家庭管理中发挥关键作用的成年女性家庭成员进行了问卷调查。家庭膳食多样性得分(HDDS)是根据调查前 7 天内摄入的 16 种食物计算得出的。腰臀测量主要针对这些代表弱势群体的女性。使用 STATA 第 13 版构建了基于路径的回归模型(p
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引用次数: 0
Food healthiness judgements among Brazilian and German lay adults. 巴西和德国非专业成年人的食品健康判断。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12638
Jessica Maria Muniz Moraes, Gudrun Sproesser, Marle Dos Santos Alvarenga

This study investigated which foods are most saliently judged as healthy and unhealthy in Brazil and Germany and the reasons for these judgements. Dietary guidelines in the two countries differ in that those in Brazil are based on a food processing classification rather than nutrient profiling, whereas dietary guidelines in Germany do not include the processing level of food. In an online study with 355 lay adults (Brazil n = 205, Germany n = 150), we explored which foods are listed as healthy and unhealthy using a free-listing method. The main reasons for these healthiness judgements were then identified with a one or two-word phrase and compared between countries. Saliency analysis was conducted to identify the 15 most salient healthy and unhealthy foods in each country. Principles of content analysis were used to assess the reasons why these 15 items were listed as most salient by the participants. Results showed that both Brazilians and Germans listed mostly natural or minimally processed food (e.g. fruits, vegetables, grains, fish and milk) as healthy, whereas types of convenience and fast food, sweets and other ultra-processed foods (e.g. chocolate, soda, French fries, pizza and hamburger) were the most salient unhealthy items listed in both countries. Differences in culturally relevant items listed in each country are discussed. Further, in both countries, despite differences in their dietary guidelines, food healthiness judgements for the most salient items listed relied heavily on the nutritional content of food, reinforced the 'good/healthy' and 'bad/unhealthy' dichotomy, and were centred on benefits or harms to the body (e.g. prevention or cause of diseases and weight control). The similarity of food healthiness judgements between the two countries, together with their agreement with conventional health claims and dietary guidelines, suggest that lay Brazilian and German adults are knowledgeable about the general concepts of 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' food. Finally, these findings suggest that rather than just providing more nutritional information, policymakers and health professionals need to take into account the multiple psychosocial and environmental determinants of eating in these countries.

这项研究调查了哪些食物在巴西和德国被认为是健康的和不健康的,以及这些判断的原因。两国的膳食指南的不同之处在于,巴西的膳食指南基于食品加工分类,而不是营养概况,而德国的膳食指南不包括食品的加工水平。在一项有355名非专业成年人参与的在线研究中(巴西205人,德国150人),我们使用自由列表法探讨了哪些食品被列为健康食品和不健康食品。然后,这些健康判断的主要原因被确定为一个或两个词的短语,并在国家之间进行比较。进行了显著性分析,以确定每个国家最突出的15种健康和不健康食品。内容分析的原则被用来评估为什么这15个项目被参与者列为最突出的原因。结果表明,巴西人和德国人都将大多数天然食品或加工程度最低的食品(如水果、蔬菜、谷物、鱼和牛奶)列为健康食品,而便利食品和快餐、糖果和其他超加工食品(如巧克力、苏打水、炸薯条、披萨和汉堡包)是两国列出的最显著的不健康食品。讨论了每个国家所列文化相关项目的差异。此外,在这两个国家,尽管其饮食指南有所不同,但对所列最突出项目的食品健康判断严重依赖于食品的营养成分,强化了"好/健康"和"坏/不健康"的二分法,并以对身体的益处或危害为中心(例如预防或引起疾病和控制体重)。两国食品健康判断的相似性,以及他们对传统健康声明和膳食指南的一致,表明巴西和德国的普通成年人对“健康”和“不健康”食品的一般概念有所了解。最后,这些发现表明,决策者和卫生专业人员不仅需要提供更多的营养信息,还需要考虑这些国家饮食的多重心理社会和环境决定因素。
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引用次数: 1
Using a divider nudge in supermarket shopping trolleys to increase fruit and vegetable purchases: A feasibility study using an intervention design. 在超市购物车中使用分隔器推动来增加水果和蔬菜的购买:使用干预设计的可行性研究。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12642
Greg McGrath

Fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is associated with a reduced risk of developing obesity and chronic diseases: however, only one in 16 Australian adults consume F&Vs at the recommended two servings of fruit and five servings of vegetables per day. What and how much people eat is influenced by their social and physical environments. Supermarkets are a key setting influencing food purchases, and as such, they can shape consumption patterns of F&Vs. Implementing effective strategies to increase F&V intake is crucial. The objective of this research was to test the feasibility of covertly modifying shopper purchasing behaviour to purchase more F&Vs using a visual divider nudge message (prompts) covering the entire base of shopping trolleys. Placards provided a visual representation of the recommended proportion of the trolley base that should be allocated to fruits and vegetables (implied social norm). Applying an intervention research design, 30 out of ~100 trolleys were fitted with the placards and shopper purchases were measured by collecting receipts to measure the weight (kg), total spending and F&V specific spending (Australian dollars) for intervention versus control trolleys for one weekend day only. We also conducted a short intercept survey that was administered independently from the research study day on non-trial shoppers. Shoppers who selected trolleys with the divider nudge placards (n = 102) purchased equal weight of F&Vs (Intervention: mean = 6.25 kg, SD = 5.60 kg, 95% CI = 5.14 kg, 7.35 kg, vs. Control: mean 6.03 kg, SD = 5.17 kg, 95% CI = 5.01 kg, 7.04 kg, p = 0.768) and spent equal amounts on F&Vs compared to shoppers in the control group (n = 102) (Intervention: mean = $41.46, SD = $36.68, 95% CI = $34.25, $48.66, vs. Control: mean $39.85, SD = $33.30, 95% CI = $33.34, $46.39, p = 0.744). There was no difference in the total spending between groups (Intervention: mean = $135.99, SD = $90.10, 95% CI = $118.29, $153.68, vs. Control: mean $155.68, SD = $96.46, 95% CI = $136.73, $174.63, p = 0.133). The divider nudge placard did not lead to any difference in shoppers' purchases of F&Vs. However, this study demonstrates the feasibility of testing a cheap, simple and easy supermarket nutrition intervention. Larger studies are required to elucidate and confirm these findings over the longer term.

食用水果和蔬菜可以降低患肥胖症和慢性病的风险:然而,只有1/16的澳大利亚成年人每天食用推荐的两份水果和五份蔬菜。人们吃什么和吃多少受他们的社会和物质环境的影响。超市是影响食品购买的关键环境,因此,它们可以塑造F&Vs的消费模式。实施有效的策略来增加F&V的摄入量至关重要。这项研究的目的是测试使用覆盖购物车整个底座的视觉分隔器推送信息(提示)秘密修改购物者购买行为以购买更多F&V的可行性。标牌提供了手推车底座的推荐比例的视觉表示,该比例应分配给水果和蔬菜(隐含的社会规范)。采用干预研究设计,约100辆手推车中有30辆安装了标语牌,通过收集收据来衡量购物者的购买量,以衡量干预手推车与对照手推车的重量(公斤)、总支出和F&V特定支出(澳元),仅限一个周末。我们还对非试验购物者进行了一项简短的截距调查,该调查独立于研究日进行。选择带有分隔器的手推车的购物者推着标语牌(n = 102)购买同等重量的F&V(干预:平均值 = 6.25 kg,SD = 5.60 kg,95%置信区间 = 5.14 千克,7.35 kg,对照组:平均6.03 kg,SD = 5.17 kg,95%置信区间 = 5.01 千克,7.04 kg,p = 0.768),并且与对照组的购物者相比在F&V上花费了相同的金额(n = 102)(干预:平均值 = $41.46,标准差 = $36.68.95%CI = $34.25,48.66美元,与对照组相比:平均39.85美元,SD = $33.30,95%CI = $33.34,46.39美元 = 0.744)。两组之间的总支出没有差异(干预:平均 = $135.99,标准差 = $90.10,95%置信区间 = $118.29,153.68美元,与对照组相比:平均155.68美元(SD) = $96.46,95%置信区间 = $136.73,174.63美元 = 0.133)。分隔器推压标语牌没有导致购物者购买F&Vs的任何差异。然而,这项研究证明了测试一种廉价、简单、容易的超市营养干预措施的可行性。需要进行更大规模的研究来阐明和证实这些长期的发现。
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引用次数: 0
"Taking from Peter to pay Paul": The experience of people in receipt of fuel and food vouchers from a UK foodbank. “拆东墙补西墙”:从英国食品银行领取燃料和食品券的人们的经历。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12639
Sarah Hanson, Pippa Belderson, Emily Player, Anne-Marie Minihane, Anna Sweeting

For people on very low incomes, household fuel and food environments are increasingly uncertain. Many live in precarious situations with little control over their lives. In addition to food parcels, many foodbanks also supply emergency fuel payments. There has been a surge in demand due to the cost of living crisis in the United Kingdom. This qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, explored the lived experience of people who received a fuel voucher via a foodbank to gain insights into food preparation, eating practices and heating and appliance use in their homes. All participants (n = 6) described a change in life circumstances leaving them at crisis point with overwhelming uncertainty. Using Thematic Analysis, we identified four themes: (1) Bewilderment in using foodbank services; (2) The need to make trade-offs between food and fuel; (3) Feeling shame at using the services and (4) Missing out on pleasurable eating practices. Three case studies give fuller insights and context. All interviewees had acute and complex needs and described being 'at rock bottom', with fuel vouchers viewed as a 'lifeline' to address essential cooking, heating and electrical appliance needs. We, therefore, suggest the need for extra support and follow-up for first-time users who are in a state of denial and shock when seeking help. Further research is needed on how to best help organisations develop strategies to address and ameliorate a sense of powerlessness and shame felt by their clients which likely limits them from seeking help, despite being in acute, complex and dire need.

对于收入极低的人来说,家庭燃料和食品环境越来越不确定。许多人生活在不稳定的环境中,几乎无法控制自己的生活。除了食品包裹外,许多食品银行还提供紧急燃料支付。由于英国的生活成本危机,需求激增。这项定性研究采用半结构化访谈,探讨了通过食品银行获得燃料券的人们的生活经历,以深入了解他们家中的食物准备、饮食习惯、供暖和电器使用情况。所有参与者(n = 6)都描述了生活环境的变化使他们处于危机点,充满了巨大的不确定性。使用主题分析,我们确定了四个主题:(1)使用食物银行服务的困惑;(2)需要在食物和燃料之间进行权衡;(3)对使用这些服务感到羞耻;(4)错过了愉快的饮食习惯。三个案例研究提供了更全面的见解和背景。所有受访者都有紧迫而复杂的需求,并形容自己处于“最底层”,燃料券被视为满足基本烹饪、取暖和电器需求的“生命线”。因此,我们建议,对于在寻求帮助时处于否认和震惊状态的首次使用者,需要额外的支持和跟踪。需要进一步研究如何最好地帮助组织制定策略来解决和改善客户的无力感和羞耻感,尽管他们有迫切、复杂和迫切的需求,但这种感觉可能会限制他们寻求帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing product healthiness according to the Health Star Rating and the NOVA classification system and implications for food labelling systems: An analysis of 25 486 products in Australia. 根据健康之星评级和NOVA分类系统比较产品健康状况及其对食品标签系统的影响:25项分析 486种产品。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12640
Eden M Barrett, Allison Gaines, Daisy H Coyle, Simone Pettigrew, Maria Shahid, Damian Maganja, Alexandra Jones, Mike Rayner, Dariush Mozaffarian, Fraser Taylor, Nadine Ghammachi, Jason H Y Wu

We investigated the extent of alignment between 'healthiness' defined by a food classification system that classifies foods and beverages primarily by their nutrient composition, the Health Star Rating (HSR) and a system that considers only the degree of processing of the product, the NOVA classification system. We used data for 25 486 products contained within the George Institute for Global Health's Australian 2022 FoodSwitch Dataset. Agreement between the two systems in the proportion of products classified as 'healthier' (HSR ≥3.5 or NOVA group 1-3) or 'less healthy' (HSR <3.5 or NOVA group 4) was assessed using the κ statistic. There was 'fair' agreement (κ = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.29-0.31) between both systems in the proportion of all products classified as healthier or less healthy. Approximately one-third (n = 8729) of all products were defined as 'discordant', including 34.3% (n = 5620) of NOVA group 4 products with HSR ≥3.5 (commonly convenience foods, sports/diet foods, meat alternatives, as well as products containing non-sugar sweeteners) and 34.1% (n = 3109) of NOVA group 1-3 products with HSR <3.5 (commonly single-ingredient foods such as sugars/syrups, full-fat dairy and products specially produced to contain no ultra-processed ingredients). Our analysis strengthens the evidence for the similarities and differences in product healthiness according to a nutrient-based classification system and a processing-based classification system. Although the systems' classifications align for the majority of food and beverage products, the discordance found for some product categories indicates potential for confusion if systems are deployed alongside each other within food policies.

我们调查了食品分类系统定义的“健康度”与仅考虑产品加工程度的系统NOVA分类系统之间的一致程度,该系统主要根据食品和饮料的营养成分对其进行分类,即健康星级评定(HSR)。我们使用了25 乔治全球健康研究所2022年澳大利亚食品开关数据集中包含486种产品。两个系统在分类为“更健康”(HSR≥3.5或NOVA 1-3组)或“不太健康”(高铁
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the deficiency status of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and associated factors in Southwest China: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional analysis of a low-latitude, high-altitude, multiracial region. 中国西南地区25-羟基维生素D缺乏状况及相关因素的评估:一项基于医院的低纬度、高海拔、多种族地区的回顾性横断面分析。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12645
Ying Chan, Dongling Cai, Rongfen Guo, Xiaoyan Zhou, Guangyu He, Huiping Li, Zibiao Geng, Yan Guo, Junyue Lin, Ruihong Wang, Lihong Jiang, Baosheng Zhu

Vitamin D deficiency is widespread in different populations and regions worldwide and has become a global health issue. The vitamin D status of the population in the Yunnan Province of Southwest China has not been evaluated to date. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the vitamin D status according to the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in individuals of Yunnan Province, a low-latitude, high-altitude and multiracial region in China. The data on 25(OH)D concentrations from October 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively collected and assessed using the laboratory information system from 52 950 hospital-based participants (age, 1 day-96 years; females, 73.74%). The serum concentration of 25(OH)D was evaluated using a chemiluminescent immunoassay. The analysis was stratified by sex, age, sampling season, testing year, minority, residential district, latitude, altitude and meteorological factors. Vitamin D status was classified as follows: severe deficiency: <10 ng/mL; deficiency: <20 ng/mL; insufficiency: <30 ng/mL; and sufficiency: ≥30 ng/mL. The results showed that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Yunnan Province in a hospital-based cohort, with a deficiency and severe deficiency rate of 65.1% and a sufficiency rate of 5.30%. Significantly lower vitamin D levels and sufficiency rates were observed in females than in males (20.13 ± 7.22 ng/mL vs. 17.56 ± 6.66 ng/mL and 8.20% vs. 4.20%; p < 0.01, respectively); in spring and winter (16.93 ± 6.24 ng/mL; 2.97% and 16.38 ± 6.43 ng/mL; 3.06%, respectively) than in summer and autumn (20.23 ± 7.14 ng/mL; 8.02% and 19.10 ± 6.97 ng/mL; 6.61% [p < 0.01], respectively); and in older individuals (0-6 years: 28.29 ± 13.13 ng/mL vs. >60 years: 14.88 ± 8.39 ng/mL; p < 0.01). Relatively higher vitamin D levels were observed in individuals of Yi, Zhuang, Hani, Dai, Miao and Lisu minorities and lower levels in individuals of Hui and Zang minorities compared with those of the Han nationality (p < 0.01). The mean sunlight duration, mean air temperature, maximum ultraviolet value and latitude were significantly correlated with vitamin D levels (r = -0.53, 0.60, 0.31, -0.68, respectively; p < 0.05). These results suggest that vitamin D status is influenced by sex, age, minority, latitude and some meteorological factors in areas with high and low altitudes. Hence, new public health policies, such as advice on sunshine exposure, food fortification and nutrition education, as well as the implementation of vitamin D supplementation programmes must be considered to alleviate vitamin D deficiency in Yunnan province, Southwest China.

维生素D缺乏症在世界各地的不同人群和地区普遍存在,已成为一个全球性的健康问题。到目前为止,中国西南部云南省人群的维生素D状况尚未得到评估。因此,在本研究中,我们根据中国低纬度、高海拔和多种族地区云南省个体的血清25-羟基维生素D(25(OH)D)浓度来评估维生素D状况。使用实验室信息系统对2012年10月至2017年12月的25(OH)D浓度数据进行了回顾性收集和评估 950名医院参与者(年龄1岁 第96天 年;女性,73.74%)。使用化学发光免疫测定法评估25(OH)D的血清浓度。分析按性别、年龄、采样季节、检测年份、少数民族、居住区、纬度、海拔和气象因素进行分层。维生素D状况分类如下:严重缺乏:60 年份:14.88 ± 8.39 ng/mL;p
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引用次数: 0
CD36 genetic polymorphism and salivary cues are associated with oleic acid sensitivity and dietary fat intake. CD36基因多态性和唾液信号与油酸敏感性和饮食脂肪摄入有关。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12633
Karthi Muthuswamy, Deepankumar Shanmugamprema, Gowtham Subramanian, Vinithra Ponnusamy, Keerthana Vasanthakumar, Vasanth Krishnan, Praveen Raj Palanivelu, Senthilkumar Rajasekaran, Selvakumar Subramaniam

There is a lack of research on the combined effects of genetic variations (specifically CD36 SNPs-rs1761667 and rs1527483), dietary food habits (vegetarian or not), and the salivary environment on obesity and taste sensitivity, especially in the Indian population. The current study aims to better understand the relationship between impaired taste perception, fat consumption, higher BMI and obesity development by examining the combined association between CD36 SNPs, oleic acid (OA) detection threshold, and food habits among Indian participants. Furthermore, the relationship between oral fatty acid (FAs) sensitivity and taste physiology factors linked to inflammation and salivary proteins was considered. Participants with the minor allele (AA/AG) of CD36 (in both rs1527483 and rs1761667) consumed more fat, particularly saturated FAs (p = 0.0351). Salivary lipopolysaccharide, which causes inflammation, was significantly greater in non-vegetarians with a higher BMI (p < 0.05), and it exhibited a negative correlation (r = -0.232 and p < 0.05) with Ki67 gene expression, a marker for taste progenitor cells. A positive correlation (r = 0.474, p = 0.04) between TLR4 mRNA levels and the OA detection threshold was also observed. Participants with BMI > 25 kg/m2 had substantially higher TNF-α and IL-6 receptor mRNA expression levels, but there were no significant differences between the vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups. However, salivary CA-VI, which has a buffering capability on the oral environment, was lower in non-vegetarian adults with BMI >25. Thus, it was shown that non-vegetarians with overweight and obesity in India were in at-risk groups for the CD36 SNP (AA/AG at rs1761667 and rs1527483) and had higher levels of inflammatory markers, which exacerbated alterations in food behaviour and physiological changes, indicating their relevance in the development of obesity.

缺乏对遗传变异(特别是CD36 SNPs-rs1761667和rs1527483)、饮食习惯(是否素食)和唾液环境对肥胖和味觉敏感的综合影响的研究,尤其是在印度人群中。目前的研究旨在通过检测印度参与者中CD36 SNPs、油酸(OA)检测阈值和饮食习惯之间的联合关系,更好地了解味觉受损、脂肪消耗、较高BMI和肥胖发展之间的关系。此外,还考虑了口腔脂肪酸(FA)敏感性与炎症和唾液蛋白相关的味觉生理因素之间的关系。具有CD36小等位基因(AA/AG)的参与者(在rs1527483和rs1761667中)消耗了更多的脂肪,尤其是饱和脂肪酸(p = 引起炎症的唾液脂多糖在BMI较高的非素食者中显著增加(p  25 kg/m2具有显著较高的TNF-α和IL-6受体mRNA表达水平,但素食组和非素食组之间没有显著差异。然而,唾液中对口腔环境具有缓冲能力的CA-VI在患有BMI的非素食成年人中较低 >25.因此,研究表明,印度超重和肥胖的非素食者属于CD36 SNP的高危人群(AA/AG为rs1761667和rs1527483),并且具有较高水平的炎症标志物,这加剧了食物行为和生理变化的改变,表明它们与肥胖的发展有关。
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引用次数: 0
Supermarket top-up of Healthy Start vouchers increases fruit and vegetable purchases in low-income households. 超市补充健康起步券增加了低收入家庭的水果和蔬菜购买量。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12627
Madeleine Thomas, J Bernadette Moore, Diogo Ann Onuselogu, Alexandra Dalton, Tim Rains, Emer Lowry, Nilani Sritharan, Michelle A Morris

Stark, widening health and income inequalities in the United Kingdom underpin the need for increased support for low-income families to access affordable and nutritious foods. Using anonymised supermarket loyalty card transaction records, this study aimed to assess how an additional Healthy Start voucher (HSV) top-up of £2, redeemable only against fruit and vegetables (FVs), was associated with FV purchases among at-risk households. Transaction and redemption records from 150 loyalty card-holding households, living in northern England, who had engaged with the top-up scheme, were analysed to assess the potential overall population impact. Using a pre-post study design, 133 of these households' records from 2021 were compared with equivalent time periods in 2019 and 2020. Records were linked to product, customer and store data, permitting comparisons using Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign-ranked tests and relationships assessed with Spearman's Rho. These analyses demonstrated that 0.9 more portions of FV per day per household were purchased during the scheme compared to the 2019 baseline (p = 0.0017). The percentage of FV weight within total baskets also increased by 1.6 percentage points (p = 0.0242), although the proportional spend on FV did not change. During the scheme period, FV purchased was higher by 0.4 percentage points (p = 0.0012) and 1.6 percentage points (p = 0.0062) according to spend and weight, respectively, in top-up redeeming baskets compared to non-top-up redeeming baskets with at least one FV item and was associated with 5.5 more HSV 'Suggested' FV portions (p < 0.0001). The median weight of FV purchased increased from 41.83 kg in 2019 to 54.14 kg in 2021 (p = 0.0017). However, top-up vouchers were only redeemed on 9.1% of occasions where FV were purchased. In summary, this study provides novel data showing that safeguarding funds exclusively for FV can help to increase access to FV in low-income households. These results yield important insights to inform public policy aimed at levelling up health inequalities.

严峻的是,英国日益扩大的健康和收入不平等,使低收入家庭有必要获得负担得起的营养食品。本研究使用匿名超市忠诚卡交易记录,旨在评估额外的2英镑健康起步代金券(HSV)充值(只能兑换水果和蔬菜)与风险家庭购买FV的关系。分析了150个居住在英格兰北部的忠诚卡持有者家庭的交易和赎回记录,这些家庭参与了充值计划,以评估潜在的整体人口影响。使用研究前后的设计,将这些家庭2021年的133份记录与2019年和2020年的同期进行了比较。记录与产品、客户和商店数据相关联,允许使用Wilcoxon配对符号排序测试进行比较,并使用Spearman的Rho评估关系。这些分析表明,与2019年的基线相比,该计划期间每个家庭每天购买的FV增加了0.9份(p = 0.0017)。FV重量在总篮子中的百分比也增加了1.6个百分点(p = 0.0242),尽管FV的比例支出没有改变。在该计划期间,购买的FV增加了0.4个百分点(p = 0.0012)和1.6个百分点(p = 0.0062),与至少有一个FV项目的非充值兑换篮相比,充值兑换篮中的HSV“建议”FV分量增加5.5份(p
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引用次数: 2
Cooking and food skills confidence of team sport athletes in Ireland. 爱尔兰团队运动运动员对烹饪和饮食技能的信心。
IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12625
Michèle Renard, David T Kelly, Niamh Ní Chéilleachair, Fiona Lavelle, Ciarán Ó Catháin

Nutritional support often focuses on cooking and food skills such as food selection, recipe planning and meal preparation. Individuals with greater cooking and food skills confidence have previously displayed higher diet quality scores and lower intakes of overall calories, saturated fat and sugar. Despite this, the cooking and food skills of team sport athletes have yet to be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between cooking and food skills confidence and athletes' demographic characteristics. A validated measure for the assessment of cooking and food skills confidence was distributed via an online survey. Participants were required to rate their confidence on a Likert scale (1 "very poor" - 7 "very good") for 14 items related to cooking skills and 19 items for food skills. Food engagement, general health interest and self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption as a measure of diet quality were also measured. The survey was completed by 266 team sport athletes (male: 150, female: 116, age: 24.8 ± 6.1 years). Group differences were explored using t-tests and ANOVA and associations were evaluated using Spearman's correlation and hierarchical multiple regressions. Athletes' total cooking and food skills confidence was 62.7 ± 17.4 (64.0 ± 17.8%) and 83.8 ± 20.1 (63.0 ± 15.1%), respectively. Females reported greater confidence in both cooking (+20.3%, p < 0.01) and food skills (+9.2%, p < 0.01). Hierarchical multiple regressions explained 48.8% of the variance in cooking skills confidence and 44% of the variance in food skills confidence with gender, previous culinary training, cooking learning stage, general health interest and food engagement all remaining significant in the cooking skills confidence model and cooking frequency, previous culinary training, general health interest and food engagement remaining significant in the food skills confidence model. Male team sport athletes may benefit the most from educational interventions designed to increase cooking and food skills confidence.

营养支持通常侧重于烹饪和食物技能,如食物选择、食谱规划和膳食准备。对烹饪和饮食技能更有信心的人以前表现出更高的饮食质量分数和更低的总热量、饱和脂肪和糖摄入量。尽管如此,团队运动运动员的烹饪和饮食技能仍有待调查。本研究旨在评估烹饪和饮食技能自信与运动员人口统计学特征之间的关系。通过一项在线调查分发了一份经过验证的烹饪和饮食技能信心评估指标。参与者被要求用Likert量表(1“非常差”-7“非常好”)对14项与烹饪技能有关的项目和19项与食物技能有关的内容进行信心评分。还测量了食物参与度、一般健康兴趣以及作为饮食质量衡量标准的自我报告水果和蔬菜消费量。这项调查由266名团队运动运动员完成(男:150,女:116,年龄:24.8 ± 6.1 年)。使用t检验和方差分析探讨组间差异,并使用Spearman相关性和分层多元回归评估关联。运动员的烹饪和饮食技能总信心为62.7 ± 17.4(64.0 ± 17.8%)和83.8 ± 20.1(63.0 ± 15.1%)。女性对两种烹饪方式都有更大的信心(+20.3%,p
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引用次数: 0
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Nutrition Bulletin
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