[Concepts of modern gerontology and geriatrics and the role of nutrition in their achievement].

Abstract

Many factors take part in increasing the healthy period of life - the quality of the environment, drinking water, psychological attitudes in society, dietary patterns, comfort of living, quality of housing, economic relations in the state and society, the degree of landscaping and much more. Collectively, the factors that lead to a healthier and longer life are called the environment that promotes longevity. The scientific study of such an environment, changing everyday life in terms of its quality related to health and increasing duration, is the newest trend in anti-aging medicine. Individual viability (intrinsic capacity) is one of the 4 concepts of geriatrics. The main concept is senile asthenia, the second is premature aging, the third is age viability, which is a psychological state of aging. It seems promising to study the effect of nutrition on individual vitality and longevity. Objective - to study the influence of nutrition on the aging process, to develop further preventive programs based on the data obtained. Methods. Search for literature on nutrition and age problems was held in the databases of RSCI, PubMed, Google Scholar by keywords: aging, ageism, nutrition, individual viability, age-related changes, resilience diet, age-related viability, senile asthenia, domain approach, age. Results. Domain-based assessment is a modern diagnosticis of the condition of people of older age groups, which forms the basis for the development of gerontological preventive programs, in which nutrition plays an important role. Modern studies indicate that the transition in nutrition from «Western» patterns to diets with a high content of plant products, as well as fish, vegetable protein (nuts), reduced salt content prevents the development of complications of age-associated diseases by the mechanism of reducing inflammation and hyperinsulinemia, replenishing micronutrient deficiency. Conclusion. Many studies have confirmed the relationship between compliance with optimal nutrition and longevity, as well as a reduced risk of early development of ageassociated diseases. Further research in the field of gerontology will help in the future to develop a comprehensive system of measures aimed at increasing life expectancy and increasing individual viability.