Validation of a Soft Pneumatic Unit Cell (PUC) in a VR Experience: A Comparison Between Vibrotactile and Soft Pneumatic Haptic Feedback

IF 2.4 3区计算机科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, CYBERNETICS IEEE Transactions on Haptics Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI:10.1109/TOH.2023.3307872

Femke E. van Beek;Quinten P. I. Bisschop;Irene A. Kuling

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Abstract

Soft pneumatic displays have shown to provide compelling soft haptic feedback. However, they have rarely been tested in Virtual Reality applications, while we are interested in their potential for haptic feedback in the metaverse. Therefore, we designed a fully soft Pneumatic Unit Cell (PUC) and implemented it in a VR button task, in which users could directly use their hands for interaction. Twelve participants were asked to enter six-digit sequences, while being presented with PUC feedback, vibration feedback (VT), or no haptic feedback. Metrics on task performance, kinematics and cognitive load were collected. The results show that both vibration and PUC feedback resulted in participants pressing through the back of buttons less. The kinematic data showed that participants moved more smoothly during PUC feedback compared to vibration feedback. These effects were also reflected in the questionnaire data: participants felt more successful when using either PUCs or VTs, but they perceived the lowest level of stress when using PUCs. Feedback preference ratings also showed that PUC was the most preferred kind of feedback. Concluding, our array of metrics confirm that PUCs are good alternatives for haptic feedback in VR tasks in which electromechanical vibration motors typically excel: creating virtual button clicks.

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在 VR 体验中验证软气动单元（PUC）：振动触觉与软气动触觉反馈的比较。

软气动显示器已经证明可以提供令人信服的软触觉反馈。然而，它们很少在虚拟现实应用中进行测试，而我们对它们在元宇宙中的触觉反馈潜力很感兴趣。因此，我们设计了一种完全柔软的气动单元（PUC），并将其应用于虚拟现实按键任务中，用户可以直接用手进行交互。我们要求 12 名参与者输入六位数序列，同时提供 PUC 反馈、振动反馈（VT）或无触觉反馈。研究人员收集了任务性能、运动学和认知负荷方面的指标。结果表明，振动和 PUC 反馈都会减少参与者按压按钮背面的次数。运动学数据显示，与振动反馈相比，在 PUC 反馈过程中，参与者的动作更加流畅。这些效果也反映在问卷调查数据中：参与者在使用 PUC 或 VT 时感觉更成功，但在使用 PUC 时压力最小。反馈偏好评级也显示，PUC 是最受欢迎的反馈类型。总之，我们的一系列衡量标准证实，在机电振动电机通常擅长的 VR 任务中，PUC 是触觉反馈的良好替代品：创建虚拟按钮点击。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Haptics COMPUTER SCIENCE, CYBERNETICS-

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

13.80%

发文量

109

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： IEEE Transactions on Haptics (ToH) is a scholarly archival journal that addresses the science, technology, and applications associated with information acquisition and object manipulation through touch. Haptic interactions relevant to this journal include all aspects of manual exploration and manipulation of objects by humans, machines and interactions between the two, performed in real, virtual, teleoperated or networked environments. Research areas of relevance to this publication include, but are not limited to, the following topics: Human haptic and multi-sensory perception and action, Aspects of motor control that explicitly pertain to human haptics, Haptic interactions via passive or active tools and machines, Devices that sense, enable, or create haptic interactions locally or at a distance, Haptic rendering and its association with graphic and auditory rendering in virtual reality, Algorithms, controls, and dynamics of haptic devices, users, and interactions between the two, Human-machine performance and safety with haptic feedback, Haptics in the context of human-computer interactions, Systems and networks using haptic devices and interactions, including multi-modal feedback, Application of the above, for example in areas such as education, rehabilitation, medicine, computer-aided design, skills training, computer games, driver controls, simulation, and visualization.