Longitudinal Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Immunized Health Care Workers.

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.5858/arpa.2023-0014-OA

Ellie Hong, Chike C Nwabuo, Angelina King, Gregary T Bocsi, Edward R Ashwood, Brian L Harry

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Abstract

Context.—: Many studies have depended on qualitative antibody assays to investigate questions related to COVID-19 infection, vaccination, and treatment.

Objective.—: To evaluate immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in vaccinated individuals over time and characterize limitations of qualitative and quantitative antibody assays.

Design.—: Longitudinal serum samples (n = 339) were collected from 72 health care workers vaccinated against COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels before, during, and after vaccination were measured by using a qualitative anti-spike protein IgG assay and a quantitative anti-S1 IgG assay. Assay results were compared to understand antibody dynamics related to vaccination.

Results.—: Qualitative testing demonstrated 100% seroconversion after the first vaccine dose, peak IgG levels after the second vaccine dose, and a progressive 50% decline during the next 8 months. Quantitative testing demonstrated that IgG levels during and after vaccination were above the analytical measurement range.

Conclusions.—: Qualitative testing demonstrates expected changes in SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels related to sequential vaccine doses and time since antigen exposure. However, proportional changes in the associated numerical signals are very likely inaccurate. Adoption of standardized quantitative SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing with a broad analytical measurement range is essential to determine a correlate of protection from COVID-19 that can be scaled for widespread use.

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对已接种疫苗的医护人员的 SARS-CoV-2 抗体进行纵向定性和定量评估。

背景许多研究依赖定性抗体测定法来研究与 COVID-19 感染、疫苗接种和治疗相关的问题：评估疫苗接种者随时间变化的免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 水平，并说明定性和定量抗体测定的局限性：从 72 名接种了 COVID-19 疫苗的医护人员中采集纵向血清样本（n = 339）。使用抗尖峰蛋白 IgG 定性检测法和抗 S1 IgG 定量检测法测量接种前、接种期间和接种后的 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 水平。对测定结果进行比较，以了解与疫苗接种有关的抗体动态：定性检测显示，第一剂疫苗接种后血清转换率为 100%，第二剂疫苗接种后 IgG 水平达到峰值，随后 8 个月内逐渐下降 50%。定量检测显示，接种期间和接种后的 IgG 水平均高于分析测量范围：定性检测结果表明，SARS-CoV-2 IgG 水平的预期变化与连续接种疫苗剂量和接触抗原后的时间有关。然而，相关数字信号的比例变化很可能不准确。采用标准化的定量 SARS-CoV-2 抗体检测，并扩大分析测量范围，对于确定 COVID-19 疫苗保护的相关因素至关重要，这种相关因素可以扩大范围，以便广泛使用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine 医学-病理学

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

2.20%

发文量

369

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Welcome to the website of the Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine (APLM). This monthly, peer-reviewed journal of the College of American Pathologists offers global reach and highest measured readership among pathology journals. Published since 1926, ARCHIVES was voted in 2009 the only pathology journal among the top 100 most influential journals of the past 100 years by the BioMedical and Life Sciences Division of the Special Libraries Association. Online access to the full-text and PDF files of APLM articles is free.