The fusion of multiple scale data indicates that the carbon sink function of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is substantial

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Carbon Balance and Management Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI:10.1186/s13021-023-00239-9

Jingyu Zeng, Tao Zhou, Yixin Xu, Qiaoyu Lin, E. Tan, Yajie Zhang, Xuemei Wu, Jingzhou Zhang, Xia Liu

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Abstract

Background

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the “sensitive area” of climate change, and also the “driver” and “amplifier” of global change. The response and feedback of its carbon dynamics to climate change will significantly affect the content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, due to the unique geographical environment characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, there is still much controversy about its carbon source and sink estimation results. This study designed a new algorithm based on machine learning to improve the accuracy of carbon source and sink estimation by integrating multiple scale carbon input (net primary productivity, NPP) and output (soil heterotrophic respiration, Rh) information from remote sensing and ground observations. Then, we compared spatial patterns of NPP and Rh derived from the fusion of multiple scale data with other widely used products and tried to quantify the differences and uncertainties of carbon sink simulation at a regional scale.

Results

Our results indicate that although global warming has potentially increased the Rh of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it will also increase its NPP, and its current performance is a net carbon sink area (carbon sink amount is 22.3 Tg C/year). Comparative analysis with other data products shows that CASA, GLOPEM, and MODIS products based on remote sensing underestimate the carbon input of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (30–70%), which is the main reason for the severe underestimation of the carbon sink level of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (even considered as a carbon source).

Conclusions

The estimation of the carbon sink in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is of great significance for ensuring its ecological barrier function. It can deepen the community’s understanding of the response to climate change in sensitive areas of the plateau. This study can provide an essential basis for assessing the uncertainty of carbon sources and sinks in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and also provide a scientific reference for helping China achieve “carbon neutrality” by 2060.

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多尺度数据的融合表明，青藏高原的碳汇功能是巨大的

青藏高原是气候变化的“敏感区”，也是全球变化的“驱动器”和“放大器”。其碳动态对气候变化的响应和反馈将显著影响大气中温室气体的含量。然而，由于青藏高原独特的地理环境特征，其碳源和碳汇估算结果仍存在诸多争议。本研究设计了一种基于机器学习的新算法，通过整合来自遥感和地面观测的多尺度碳输入(净初级生产力，NPP)和输出(土壤异养呼吸，Rh)信息，提高碳源和碳汇估算的准确性。然后，我们将多尺度数据融合得到的NPP和Rh的空间格局与其他广泛使用的产品进行了比较，并试图量化区域尺度上碳汇模拟的差异和不确定性。结果全球变暖固然增加了青藏高原的Rh，但也增加了其NPP，目前表现为净碳汇面积(碳汇量为22.3 Tg C/年)。与其他数据产品的对比分析表明，基于遥感的CASA、GLOPEM和MODIS产品低估了青藏高原的碳输入(30-70%)，这是青藏高原碳汇水平被严重低估的主要原因。结论青藏高原碳汇的估算对保障其生态屏障功能具有重要意义。它可以加深社区对高原敏感地区气候变化响应的理解。该研究可为评估青藏高原碳源和碳汇的不确定性提供重要依据，也为帮助中国在2060年前实现“碳中和”提供科学参考。

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来源期刊

Carbon Balance and Management Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Carbon Balance and Management is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of research aimed at developing a comprehensive policy relevant to the understanding of the global carbon cycle. The global carbon cycle involves important couplings between climate, atmospheric CO2 and the terrestrial and oceanic biospheres. The current transformation of the carbon cycle due to changes in climate and atmospheric composition is widely recognized as potentially dangerous for the biosphere and for the well-being of humankind, and therefore monitoring, understanding and predicting the evolution of the carbon cycle in the context of the whole biosphere (both terrestrial and marine) is a challenge to the scientific community. This demands interdisciplinary research and new approaches for studying geographical and temporal distributions of carbon pools and fluxes, control and feedback mechanisms of the carbon-climate system, points of intervention and windows of opportunity for managing the carbon-climate-human system. Carbon Balance and Management is a medium for researchers in the field to convey the results of their research across disciplinary boundaries. Through this dissemination of research, the journal aims to support the work of the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) and to provide governmental and non-governmental organizations with instantaneous access to continually emerging knowledge, including paradigm shifts and consensual views.