Thermal safety considerations for implantable micro-coil design.

IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Journal of neural engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI:10.1088/1741-2552/ace79a
Andrew J Whalen, Shelley I Fried
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Abstract

Micro magnetic stimulation of the brain via implantable micro-coils is a promising novel technology for neuromodulation. Careful consideration of the thermodynamic profile of such devices is necessary for effective and safe designs.Objective.We seek to quantify the thermal profile of bent wire micro-coils in order to understand and mitigate thermal impacts of micro-coil stimulation.Approach. In this study, we use fine wire thermocouples and COMSOL finite element modeling to examine the profile of the thermal gradients generated near bent wire micro-coils submerged in a water bath during stimulation. We tested a range of stimulation parameters previously reported in the literature such as voltage amplitude, stimulus frequency, stimulus repetition rate and coil wire materials.Main results. We found temperature increases ranging from <1 °C to 8.4 °C depending upon the stimulation parameters tested and coil wire materials used. Numerical modeling of the thermodynamics identified hot spots of the highest temperatures along the micro-coil contributing to the thermal gradients and demonstrated that these thermal gradients can be mitigated by the choice of wire conductor material and construction geometry.Significance. ISO standard 14708-1 designates a thermal safety limit of 2 °C temperature increase for active implantable medical devices. By switching the coil wire material from platinum/iridium to gold, our study achieved a 5-6-fold decrease in the thermal impact of coil stimulation. The thermal gradients generated from the gold wire coil were measured below the 2 °C safety limit for all stimulation parameters tested.

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植入式微型线圈设计的热安全考虑因素。
通过植入式微线圈对大脑进行微磁刺激是一种很有前途的神经调控新技术。我们试图量化弯曲导线微线圈的热曲线,以了解和减轻微线圈刺激的热影响。在这项研究中,我们使用细线热电偶和 COMSOL 有限元建模来研究浸没在水浴中的弯曲金属丝微线圈在刺激过程中产生的热梯度曲线。我们测试了之前文献中报道的一系列刺激参数,如电压幅度、刺激频率、刺激重复率和线圈丝材料。我们发现温度升高的幅度从 0.5 到 1.5 不等。ISO 标准 14708-1 规定,有源植入式医疗器械的热安全限值为温升 2°C。通过将线圈丝材料从铂/铱改为金,我们的研究发现线圈刺激的热影响降低了 5-6 倍。在所有测试的刺激参数中,金线线圈产生的热梯度均低于 2 °C 的安全限值。
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来源期刊
Journal of neural engineering
Journal of neural engineering 工程技术-工程:生物医学
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
12.50%
发文量
319
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: The goal of Journal of Neural Engineering (JNE) is to act as a forum for the interdisciplinary field of neural engineering where neuroscientists, neurobiologists and engineers can publish their work in one periodical that bridges the gap between neuroscience and engineering. The journal publishes articles in the field of neural engineering at the molecular, cellular and systems levels. The scope of the journal encompasses experimental, computational, theoretical, clinical and applied aspects of: Innovative neurotechnology; Brain-machine (computer) interface; Neural interfacing; Bioelectronic medicines; Neuromodulation; Neural prostheses; Neural control; Neuro-rehabilitation; Neurorobotics; Optical neural engineering; Neural circuits: artificial & biological; Neuromorphic engineering; Neural tissue regeneration; Neural signal processing; Theoretical and computational neuroscience; Systems neuroscience; Translational neuroscience; Neuroimaging.
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