Visual and cognitive processes contribute to age-related improvements in visual selective attention

IF 3.9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Child development Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI:10.1111/cdev.13992

Andrew Lynn, John Maule, Dima Amso

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Abstract

Children (N = 103, 4–9 years, 59 females, 84% White, c. 2019) completed visual processing, visual feature integration (color, luminance, motion), and visual search tasks. Contrast sensitivity and feature search improved with age similarly for luminance and color-defined targets. Incidental feature integration improved more with age for color-motion than luminance-motion. Individual differences in feature search ( $β$ = .11) and incidental feature integration ( $β$ = .06) mediated age-related changes in conjunction visual search, an index of visual selective attention. These findings suggest that visual selective attention is best conceptualized as a series of developmental trajectories, within an individual, that vary by an object's defining features. These data have implications for design of educational and interventional strategies intended to maximize attention for learning and memory.

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视觉和认知过程有助于与年龄相关的视觉选择性注意的改善。

儿童（103 人，4-9 岁，59 名女性，84% 白人，约 2019 年出生）完成了视觉处理、视觉特征整合（颜色、亮度、运动）和视觉搜索任务。对于亮度和颜色定义的目标，对比敏感度和特征搜索随着年龄的增长有类似的提高。随着年龄的增长，色彩-运动的偶然特征整合比亮度-运动的偶然特征整合有更大的提高。特征搜索（β $$ \beta $$ = .11）和偶然特征整合（β $$ \beta $$ = .06）的个体差异介导了与年龄相关的联合视觉搜索的变化，而联合视觉搜索是视觉选择性注意的一个指标。这些研究结果表明，视觉选择性注意最好被概念化为个体内部的一系列发展轨迹，这些轨迹因对象的决定性特征而异。这些数据对设计旨在最大限度地提高学习和记忆注意力的教育和干预策略具有重要意义。

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来源期刊

Child development Multiple-

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

149

期刊介绍： As the flagship journal of the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD), Child Development has published articles, essays, reviews, and tutorials on various topics in the field of child development since 1930. Spanning many disciplines, the journal provides the latest research, not only for researchers and theoreticians, but also for child psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychiatric social workers, specialists in early childhood education, educational psychologists, special education teachers, and other researchers. In addition to six issues per year of Child Development, subscribers to the journal also receive a full subscription to Child Development Perspectives and Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development.