New paleopathological findings from the Quaternary of the Brazilian Intertropical Region expand the distribution of joint diseases for the South American megafauna
Rodolfo C. da Silva , Fernando H. de S. Barbosa , Kleberson de O. Porpino
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate pathological changes in fossils from the Brazilian Intertropical Region (BIR), expanding the records of previously reported diseases for representatives of the Quaternary South American megafauna, including taxa not studied in previous works.
Materials and methods
We carried out a thorough macroscopic analysis of fifteen unpublished specimens belonging to representatives of the Quaternary megafauna of BIR to identify evidence of pathological alterations.
Results
Alterations included: osteophytes in Toxodontidae, Megatheridae and E. laurillardi; rough subchondral bone, bone overgrowth and bone erosion in E. laurillardi; slit-shaped subchondral depressions in Equidae and E. laurillardi; and a triangular-shaped porous lesion in Mylodontidae.
Conclusions
The alterations found allowed the recognition of the first cases of osteoarthritis for Toxodontidae and articular depressions for Equidae, and new cases of both diseases in Eremotherium laurillardi; a new case of osteochondritis dissecans for Mylodontidae; potential new cases of calcium pyrophosphate deposition and spondyloarthropathy for E. laurillardi
Significance
Our results provide additional evidence that calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease was widely spread among species of the South American megafauna and suggest that osteochondritis dissecans may have been relatively common among ground sloths.
Limitations
The identification of calcium pyrophosphate deposition and spondyloarthropathy in E. laurillardi are quite tentative because the evidence found is ambiguous and the number of examined specimens is limited.
期刊介绍：
Paleopathology is the study and application of methods and techniques for investigating diseases and related conditions from skeletal and soft tissue remains. The International Journal of Paleopathology (IJPP) will publish original and significant articles on human and animal (including hominids) disease, based upon the study of physical remains, including osseous, dental, and preserved soft tissues at a range of methodological levels, from direct observation to molecular, chemical, histological and radiographic analysis. Discussion of ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health, disease and life histories in the past is central to the discipline, so the journal would also encourage papers covering interpretive and theoretical issues, and those that place the study of disease at the centre of a bioarchaeological or biocultural approach. Papers dealing with historical evidence relating to disease in the past (rather than history of medicine) will also be published. The journal will also accept significant studies that applied previously developed techniques to new materials, setting the research in the context of current debates on past human and animal health.
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