International Journal of Paleopathology最新文献

Supplement to the International Journal of Paleopathology. Abstracts for contributions presented at the Paleopathology Association meetings in 2023. 国际古病理学杂志》增刊。在 2023 年古病理学协会会议上提交的稿件摘要。

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.02.003

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneity in experiences of vitamin D deficiency in an early to mid-19th century population from Montreal, Quebec 魁北克蒙特利尔 19 世纪早期至中期人口维生素 D 缺乏经历的异质性

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.003

Objective

To use the prevalence of prenatal/infancy interglobular dentine (IGD) as a proxy for suboptimal vitamin D status and explore its link to mortality, biological sex, cultural behaviours and environmental factors during the end of the pre-industrial/ beginning of the industrial period.

Materials

50 skeletons from the St. Antoine cemetery (1799–1854), Montreal, Quebec with a well-preserved first mandibular molar.

Methods

Thin sections were prepared for histological examination of IGD in crown dentine.

Results

IGD prevalence was 74 % (37/50) and not significantly correlated statistically to sex and age-at-death. Most IGD occurred at birth and up to 3 years-old, six individuals were affected in utero, 54 % of the sample (27/50) presented longstanding IGD and six individuals displayed multiple IGD episodes.

Conclusions

Prenatal IGD episodes revealed suboptimal maternal vitamin D levels, which, alongside a high frequency of IGD episodes around birth/from birth until a certain age, suggest cultural influences. Multiple and longstanding IGD episodes might also reflect suboptimal seasonal vitamin D attainment.

Significance

This study provides in-depth data on IGD within a relatively large archaeological North American sample, proving relevant to epidemiological studies on suboptimal vitamin status in 19th century Montreal.

Limitations

The total number of IGD episodes is underestimated due to methodological biases; first-generation migrants in this study could not be identified and excluded from the sample.

Suggestions for further research

Use of a larger sample with a wider age-at-death range; further research on infants and children to investigate links between growth and lesion formation and visibility.

目的利用产前/婴儿期球间牙本质（IGD）的患病率作为维生素 D 不足状态的替代指标，并探讨其与前工业时代末期/工业时代初期的死亡率、生物性别、文化行为和环境因素之间的联系。方法制备薄切片，对牙冠牙本质中的 IGD 进行组织学检查。结果IGD 患病率为 74%（37/50），与性别和死亡年龄无明显统计学关联。大多数 IGD 发生在出生时和 3 岁之前，6 人在子宫内受到影响，54% 的样本（27/50）出现长期 IGD，6 人出现多次 IGD。这项研究提供了一个相对较大的北美考古样本中有关IGD的深入数据，证明与19世纪蒙特利尔维生素不足的流行病学研究相关。局限性由于方法上的偏差，IGD发病总数被低估；本研究中的第一代移民无法被识别并排除在样本之外。

{"title":"Heterogeneity in experiences of vitamin D deficiency in an early to mid-19th century population from Montreal, Quebec","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To use the prevalence of prenatal/infancy interglobular dentine (IGD) as a proxy for suboptimal vitamin D status and explore its link to mortality, biological sex, cultural behaviours and environmental factors during the end of the pre-industrial/ beginning of the industrial period.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>50 skeletons from the St. Antoine cemetery (1799–1854), Montreal, Quebec with a well-preserved first mandibular molar.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thin sections were prepared for histological examination of IGD in crown dentine.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>IGD prevalence was 74 % (37/50) and not significantly correlated statistically to sex and age-at-death. Most IGD occurred at birth and up to 3 years-old, six individuals were affected <em>in utero</em>, 54 % of the sample (27/50) presented longstanding IGD and six individuals displayed multiple IGD episodes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Prenatal IGD episodes revealed suboptimal maternal vitamin D levels, which, alongside a high frequency of IGD episodes around birth/from birth until a certain age, suggest cultural influences. Multiple and longstanding IGD episodes might also reflect suboptimal seasonal vitamin D attainment.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study provides in-depth data on IGD within a relatively large archaeological North American sample, proving relevant to epidemiological studies on suboptimal vitamin status in 19th century Montreal.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The total number of IGD episodes is underestimated due to methodological biases; first-generation migrants in this study could not be identified and excluded from the sample.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Use of a larger sample with a wider age-at-death range; further research on infants and children to investigate links between growth and lesion formation and visibility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003012/pdfft?md5=4e228e54e52590893ea387624e51062a&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cranial fluctuating asymmetry and its relationship with non-specific physiological stress indicators in a contemporary South African cadaveric skeletal sample 当代南非尸体骨骼样本中的颅骨波动不对称及其与非特异性生理压力指标的关系。

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.004

Objectives

Biological anthropologists frequently explore skeletal asymmetry, together with population health and disease. Given the conflicting findings in existing literature, this study aimed to clarify whether an association exists in a South African sample.

Materials

Dry bone and cranial micro-focus X-ray Computed Tomography (micro-XCT) scans of 115 South African individuals were assessed.

Methods

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) indices were calculated from interlandmark distances, and the frequency of four types of non-specific signs of physiological stress were documented to explore the relationship between FA and disease.

Results

Black South Africans did not exhibit a high FA index; however, they had the highest prevalence of non-specific signs of physiological stress. However, no significant correlations were detected between FA indices and pathological lesions.

Conclusion

No correlation was observed between FA and populations from different socio-economic backgrounds. However, individuals of lower socio-economic status (SES) demonstrated a greater prevalence of non-specific signs of physiological stress.

Significance

This research suggests that skeletal indicators of stress may be a suitable biological marker for assessing differences in SES among population groups, while indicating that levels of cranial FA is an inadequate biological marker.

Limitations

Possible limitations may include measurement error, and the lack of information on the life history and medical records of individuals in this sample.

Suggestions for further research

Future research should include a larger sample with more South African groups, and should evaluate the potential association among age, FA, and expression of skeletal markers of disease.

目的：生物人类学家经常研究骨骼不对称与人口健康和疾病的关系。鉴于现有文献中的研究结果相互矛盾，本研究旨在澄清在南非样本中是否存在这种关联：对 115 名南非人的干骨和头颅微焦点 X 射线计算机断层扫描（micro-XCT）进行了评估：方法：根据标记间距离计算波动不对称（FA）指数，并记录四种非特异性生理应激迹象的频率，以探讨FA与疾病之间的关系：结果：南非黑人的 FA 指数并不高，但他们的非特异性生理应激迹象发生率最高。然而，在 FA 指数和病理病变之间没有发现明显的相关性：结论：FA 指数与不同社会经济背景的人群之间没有相关性。结论：FA 指数与不同社会经济背景的人群之间未发现相关性，但社会经济地位较低的人群非特异性生理压力迹象的发生率更高：意义：这项研究表明，骨骼压力指标可能是评估不同人群社会经济地位差异的合适生物标志物，同时也表明颅骨FA水平是一个不适当的生物标志物：局限性：可能的局限性包括测量误差，以及缺乏样本中个人的生活史和医疗记录信息：未来研究应包括更多南非群体的更大样本，并应评估年龄、FA 和骨骼疾病标志物表达之间的潜在关联。

{"title":"Cranial fluctuating asymmetry and its relationship with non-specific physiological stress indicators in a contemporary South African cadaveric skeletal sample","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Biological anthropologists frequently explore skeletal asymmetry, together with population health and disease. Given the conflicting findings in existing literature, this study aimed to clarify whether an association exists in a South African sample.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Dry bone and cranial micro-focus X-ray Computed Tomography (micro-XCT) scans of 115 South African individuals were assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) indices were calculated from interlandmark distances, and the frequency of four types of non-specific signs of physiological stress were documented to explore the relationship between FA and disease.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Black South Africans did not exhibit a high FA index; however, they had the highest prevalence of non-specific signs of physiological stress. However, no significant correlations were detected between FA indices and pathological lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>No correlation was observed between FA and populations from different socio-economic backgrounds. However, individuals of lower socio-economic status (SES) demonstrated a greater prevalence of non-specific signs of physiological stress.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This research suggests that skeletal indicators of stress may be a suitable biological marker for assessing differences in SES among population groups, while indicating that levels of cranial FA is an inadequate biological marker.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Possible limitations may include measurement error, and the lack of information on the life history and medical records of individuals in this sample.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Future research should include a larger sample with more South African groups, and should evaluate the potential association among age, FA, and expression of skeletal markers of disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003036/pdfft?md5=0afb233837cf0a4b80c9b8d0d4273a55&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD) using a new case of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease from Early Byzantine (500–700 CE) Olympia, Greece 利用希腊拜占庭早期（公元 500-700 年）奥林匹亚新发现的 Legg-Calvé-Perthes 病例测试古代罕见疾病数字图谱 (DAARD)。

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.002

Objective

The first case of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) in Greece is presented. LCPD, a rare disease, is discussed using the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD), which tests the benefits of the database for diagnosing and contextualizing the new case with 42 archaeological cases of LCPD recorded in the DAARD.

Materials

A 30–40-year-old, probable male individual was found at the archaeological site of Olympia, Greece, dating to 500–700 CE.

Methods

Biological sex, age-at-death and pathological changes were investigated using macroscopic and osteometric methods. The DAARD provided the typical characteristics of LCPD.

Results

Pathological changes in both hip joints without any other related changes in the skeleton corresponded to the skeletal features of LCPD. The DAARD produced 42 cases of LCPD, most of which from Europe, with a preference for male sex and unilateral involvement of the hip joint.

Conclusions

The DAARD aids in diagnosing rare diseases and interpreting new cases in the context of already known studies.

Significance

This study shows that the DAARD has the potential to help researchers move beyond the level of single case studies and create a broader picture of the history of rare diseases.

Limitations

This paper focuses on the benefits of the DAARD in relation to LCPD but not all rare diseases have been included in the database.

Suggestions for further research

More rare diseases from archaeological contexts should be added to the DAARD to create a base for the interpretation of their history and expand our understanding of rare diseases in the past.

目的：介绍希腊首例莱格-卡尔维-珀特氏病（LCPD）病例。我们利用古代罕见疾病数字图谱（DAARD）对 LCPD 这种罕见疾病进行了讨论，并通过 DAARD 中记录的 42 例 LCPD 考古病例，检验了该数据库在诊断新病例和确定病例背景方面的优势：材料：在希腊奥林匹亚考古遗址中发现了一个 30-40 岁的疑似男性个体，年代为公元 500-700 年：方法：采用宏观和骨计量学方法对生物性别、死亡年龄和病理变化进行了研究。DAARD 提供了 LCPD 的典型特征：结果：两个髋关节的病理变化与 LCPD 的骨骼特征相符，但骨骼中没有任何其他相关变化。DAARD产生了42例LCPD病例，其中大部分来自欧洲，男性居多，单侧髋关节受累：结论：DAARD 有助于诊断罕见疾病，并在已知研究的背景下解释新病例：本研究表明，DAARD 有可能帮助研究人员超越单个病例研究的水平，为罕见病的历史绘制更广阔的图景：局限性：本文重点介绍了 DAARD 在 LCPD 方面的优势，但并非所有罕见疾病都已纳入数据库：进一步研究的建议：应将更多考古学背景下的罕见疾病添加到 DAARD 中，为解释这些疾病的历史奠定基础，并扩大我们对过去罕见疾病的了解。

{"title":"Testing the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD) using a new case of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease from Early Byzantine (500–700 CE) Olympia, Greece","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The first case of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) in Greece is presented. LCPD, a rare disease, is discussed using the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD), which tests the benefits of the database for diagnosing and contextualizing the new case with 42 archaeological cases of LCPD recorded in the DAARD.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>A 30–40-year-old, probable male individual was found at the archaeological site of Olympia, Greece, dating to 500–700 CE.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Biological sex, age-at-death and pathological changes were investigated using macroscopic and osteometric methods. The DAARD provided the typical characteristics of LCPD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Pathological changes in both hip joints without any other related changes in the skeleton corresponded to the skeletal features of LCPD. The DAARD produced 42 cases of LCPD, most of which from Europe, with a preference for male sex and unilateral involvement of the hip joint.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The DAARD aids in diagnosing rare diseases and interpreting new cases in the context of already known studies.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study shows that the DAARD has the potential to help researchers move beyond the level of single case studies and create a broader picture of the history of rare diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>This paper focuses on the benefits of the DAARD in relation to LCPD but not all rare diseases have been included in the database.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>More rare diseases from archaeological contexts should be added to the DAARD to create a base for the interpretation of their history and expand our understanding of rare diseases in the past.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003024/pdfft?md5=851d4e0f5ec666d9063355fc1c1fb512&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003024-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skeletal indicators of pathology in the context of early tooth loss in children: A systematic literature review 儿童早期缺牙的骨骼病理学指标：系统文献综述

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001

Objective

To provide an evidence-based resource for paleopathologists to consider multiple skeletal indicators of pathology associated with early tooth loss in children to aid in diagnosis.

Materials

Three databases (Cochrane Library, MedLine, and Scopus) were used for a review.

Methods

According to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria, a systematic review guideline, 85 articles were selected.

Results

A total of 189 children had a syndrome or disease associated with early tooth loss. Our review, based on 25 diseases, lists the bone and dental lesions observable in archeological remains.

Conclusions

Based on a review of the literature, a synthesis of 25 diseases and syndromes that may be associated with premature loss of permanent or deciduous teeth in children was developed for paleopathologists. It highlights the importance of a thorough dental examination by paleopathologists to further assess past health conditions.

Significance

This paper provides an extensive resource addressing early tooth loss in childhood to assist researchers with differential diagnosis.

Limitations

The articles included in this review are case reports based on living populations.

Suggestions for further research

Further studies into diseases and their association with early tooth loss would complement this work, as would utilizing the differential diagnoses on archeological individuals to clarify its value and limitations.

目的为古病理学家提供以证据为基础的资源，以考虑与儿童早期缺牙相关的多种骨骼病理指标，从而帮助诊断。方法根据系统综述指南 PRISMA（系统综述和 Meta 分析首选报告项目）标准，选择了 85 篇文章。我们的综述以 25 种疾病为基础，列出了在考古遗存中可观察到的骨骼和牙齿病变。结论根据文献综述，我们为古病理学家总结了 25 种可能与儿童恒牙或乳牙过早脱落有关的疾病和综合征。本文提供了有关儿童早期牙齿缺失的大量资料，可帮助研究人员进行鉴别诊断。对进一步研究的建议对疾病及其与早期牙齿缺失的关系进行进一步研究将是对这项工作的补充，对考古个体进行鉴别诊断也将有助于明确其价值和局限性。

{"title":"Skeletal indicators of pathology in the context of early tooth loss in children: A systematic literature review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide an evidence-based resource for paleopathologists to consider multiple skeletal indicators of pathology associated with early tooth loss in children to aid in diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Three databases (Cochrane Library, MedLine, and Scopus) were used for a review.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>According to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria, a systematic review guideline, 85 articles were selected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 189 children had a syndrome or disease associated with early tooth loss. Our review, based on 25 diseases, lists the bone and dental lesions observable in archeological remains.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Based on a review of the literature, a synthesis of 25 diseases and syndromes that may be associated with premature loss of permanent or deciduous teeth in children was developed for paleopathologists. It highlights the importance of a thorough dental examination by paleopathologists to further assess past health conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This paper provides an extensive resource addressing early tooth loss in childhood to assist researchers with differential diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The articles included in this review are case reports based on living populations.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further studies into diseases and their association with early tooth loss would complement this work, as would utilizing the differential diagnoses on archeological individuals to clarify its value and limitations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003000/pdfft?md5=5c55bd966e1545a809a5f47513e256ef&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003000-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A probable case of hypophosphatasia in St Bride’s Lower Churchyard (1770–1849, London, UK) 圣布里德下教堂墓地（1770-1849 年，英国伦敦）中的一例可能患有低磷酸盐症的病例

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003

Objectives

The objective of this study was to analyse an individual whose remains are characterised by early deciduous tooth loss and multi-focal lesions on the post-cranial skeleton.

Materials

Skeletal remains of an immature individual buried between 1770 and 1849 in London.

Methods

The remains were examined by visual macroscopic inspection, supplemented by radiographic examination of the mandible and maxillae. A differential diagnosis with possible conditions, frequent in this archaeological context, was conducted. A comprehensive examination of dental lesions was performed to investigate the aetiologies of deciduous tooth loss.

Results

The individual exhibited a mosaic of skeletal and dental pathological changes, including premature loss of deciduous dentition, premature eruption of permanent teeth generalised bone loss in both the mandible and maxilla; osteomyelitis of the left radius; osteolytic lesion on the body of the second lumbar vertebra, and marked expansions of the rib shafts due to sub-periosteal new bone formation.

Conclusion

A differential diagnosis considered indicates that the pathological changes of the individual were most likely associated with a comorbidity involving hypophosphatasia and tuberculosis.

Significance

We present in this study several oral signs that could alert paleopathologists and bioarcheologists to systematically consider the potential of a condition that is rarely encountered in archaeological contexts.

Limitations

Due to poor preservation, this study was confined to the analysis of a partial maxilla and mandible, a left radius shaft and the axial skeleton (rib heads and vertebrae) of the individual.

Suggestions for further research

Further radiographic, histological and genetic analyses would confirm the diagnosis.

材料1770 年至 1849 年间埋葬在伦敦的一个未成年个体的骨骼遗骸。方法对遗骸进行了肉眼宏观检查，并辅以下颌骨和上颌骨的放射检查。对在这种考古背景下经常出现的可能情况进行了鉴别诊断。对牙齿病变进行了全面检查，以研究乳牙脱落的病因。结果该个体表现出一系列骨骼和牙齿病变，包括乳牙过早脱落、恒牙过早萌出、下颌骨和上颌骨普遍骨质流失、左桡骨骨髓炎、第二腰椎体溶骨性病变以及骨膜下新骨形成导致的肋骨轴明显膨胀。结论鉴别诊断表明，该患者的病理变化很可能与低磷酸盐血症和结核病的合并症有关。意义我们在这项研究中发现了一些口腔迹象，这些迹象可以提醒古病理学家和生物考古学家系统地考虑一种在考古环境中很少遇到的疾病的可能性。

{"title":"A probable case of hypophosphatasia in St Bride’s Lower Churchyard (1770–1849, London, UK)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The objective of this study was to analyse an individual whose remains are characterised by early deciduous tooth loss and multi-focal lesions on the post-cranial skeleton.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Skeletal remains of an immature individual buried between 1770 and 1849 in London.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The remains were examined by visual macroscopic inspection, supplemented by radiographic examination of the mandible and maxillae. A differential diagnosis with possible conditions, frequent in this archaeological context, was conducted. A comprehensive examination of dental lesions was performed to investigate the aetiologies of deciduous tooth loss.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The individual exhibited a mosaic of skeletal and dental pathological changes, including premature loss of deciduous dentition, premature eruption of permanent teeth generalised bone loss in both the mandible and maxilla; osteomyelitis of the left radius; osteolytic lesion on the body of the second lumbar vertebra, and marked expansions of the rib shafts due to sub-periosteal new bone formation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A differential diagnosis considered indicates that the pathological changes of the individual were most likely associated with a comorbidity involving hypophosphatasia and tuberculosis.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>We present in this study several oral signs that could alert paleopathologists and bioarcheologists to systematically consider the potential of a condition that is rarely encountered in archaeological contexts.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Due to poor preservation, this study was confined to the analysis of a partial maxilla and mandible, a left radius shaft and the axial skeleton (rib heads and vertebrae) of the individual.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further radiographic, histological and genetic analyses would confirm the diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002997/pdfft?md5=cda5986f6b0cac781ffb0f957640095f&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002997-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A calvarial osteolytic lesion of probable vascular origin in a Maya juvenile from the Classic Period ( 250−900 CE) 古典时期（公元 250-900 年）一名玛雅少年的腓骨溶骨性病变可能是血管引起的

IF 1.2 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.004

Michele M. Bleuze , Ellen Fricano , Jessica M. Farrell , James E. Brady

Objective

This case study evaluates a focal osteolytic lesion in the right sulcus sinus transversi of an isolated os occipitale.

Materials

The os occipitale is from a juvenile from the Cueva de Sangre at the Classic Period (250−900 CE) site of Dos Pilas, Guatemala

Methods

The lesion was examined macroscopically, microscopically, and radiographically.

Results

The oval lesion has a well-circumscribed margin, endocranial origin, and involves cortical destruction of the inner and outer tables. Subperiosteal bone reaction around the lesion is present on the ectocranial surface. Skeletal evidence of increased vascularity, diploë expansion, and perimortem fracture near the lesion are not observed.

Conclusions

The lesion appears to reflect a response to the presence of an expansile process that has caused pressure erosion. The anatomical location of the lesion and the endocranial origin suggest a probable vascular anomaly, such as a vascular malformation.

Significance

This case study represents one of the few bioarchaeological evaluations of probable vascular anomaly in a juvenile. As such, it expands our knowledge about vascular anomalies in the past and provides a comparative and core reference for guiding future paleopathological investigations on cranial osteolytic lesions.

Limitations

The skeletal assemblage is commingled and fragmentary preventing the assessment of the distribution of lesions across the skeleton.

Suggestions for future research

Further scrutiny of bioarchaeological collections is needed to better understand the distribution of vascular anomalies in the past.

材料该枕骨来自危地马拉多斯皮拉斯古典时期（公元 250-900 年）遗址的桑格雷洞穴。方法对该病变进行了宏观、显微和放射学检查。结果椭圆形病变的边缘呈环形，起源于颅内，涉及内、外台的皮质破坏。病变周围的骨膜下骨反应出现在颅外表面。病变附近没有观察到血管增多、二叶扩张和死前骨折的骨骼证据。病变的解剖位置和颅内起源表明可能存在血管异常，如血管畸形。因此，它扩展了我们对过去血管畸形的认识，并为指导今后对颅骨溶骨性病变的古病理学调查提供了比较和核心参考。

{"title":"A calvarial osteolytic lesion of probable vascular origin in a Maya juvenile from the Classic Period ( 250−900 CE)","authors":"Michele M. Bleuze , Ellen Fricano , Jessica M. Farrell , James E. Brady","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This case study evaluates a focal osteolytic lesion in the right sulcus sinus transversi of an isolated os occipitale.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>The os occipitale is from a juvenile from the Cueva de Sangre at the Classic Period (250−900 CE) site of Dos Pilas, Guatemala</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The lesion was examined macroscopically, microscopically, and radiographically.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The oval lesion has a well-circumscribed margin, endocranial origin, and involves cortical destruction of the inner and outer tables. Subperiosteal bone reaction around the lesion is present on the ectocranial surface. Skeletal evidence of increased vascularity, diploë expansion, and perimortem fracture near the lesion are not observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The lesion appears to reflect a response to the presence of an expansile process that has caused pressure erosion. The anatomical location of the lesion and the endocranial origin suggest a probable vascular anomaly, such as a vascular malformation.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This case study represents one of the few bioarchaeological evaluations of probable vascular anomaly in a juvenile. As such, it expands our knowledge about vascular anomalies in the past and provides a comparative and core reference for guiding future paleopathological investigations on cranial osteolytic lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The skeletal assemblage is commingled and fragmentary preventing the assessment of the distribution of lesions across the skeleton.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for future research</h3><p>Further scrutiny of bioarchaeological collections is needed to better understand the distribution of vascular anomalies in the past.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002900/pdfft?md5=79b98285077e0da488d4e731f3a48476&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002900-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which types of bony changes in the maxillary sinus indicate chronic sinusitis? 上颌窦中哪种类型的骨质变化表明患有慢性鼻窦炎？

IF 1.2 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.003

S. Mays , S. Stark , S. Zakrzewski , A. Vekony

Objectives

To determine which types of bone lesion (spicules, lobules, porous bone) in the maxillary sinus indicate sinusitis

Methods

Subadjacent dental disease is a cause of maxillary sinusitis; if a lesion type indicates sinusitis it should be more common above diseased posterior maxillary teeth than a lesion type that is not indicative of sinusitis. The study sample is a British Mediaeval human skeletal collection.

Results

Porous bone lesions (chiefly new bone deposits) in maxillary sinuses are associated with subadjacent dental disease; spicules/lobules of bone in the sinus are not.

Conclusions

The results support the idea that porous lesions indicate sinusitis but the spicules/lobules may not. Spicules, lobules and porous lesions within the maxillary sinus should be analysed separately in biocultural studies; it would be prudent to regard only the porous lesions as indicative of sinusitis.

Significance

Maxillary sinusitis is commonly used as a health indicator in palaeopathology, and spicular deposits are generally the most common type of alterations. By assuming that they are indicative of sinusitis we may have been greatly overestimating the prevalence of bony sinusitis in the past.

Limitations

These conclusions are provisional. Further work on larger, more diverse samples, together with more detailed anatomical studies on lesion location and structure is ongoing.

目的确定上颌窦中哪些类型的骨质病变（骨刺、骨小叶、多孔骨）预示着上颌窦炎方法上颌窦炎的病因之一是邻近牙齿疾病；如果一种病变类型预示着上颌窦炎，那么这种病变类型在患病的上颌后牙上方应该比不预示上颌窦炎的病变类型更常见。研究样本是英国中世纪的人类骨骼。结果上颌窦中的多孔骨病变（主要是新骨沉积）与下邻牙疾病有关；而窦中的骨刺/骨小叶则与之无关。在生物文化研究中，应分别分析上颌窦内的骨刺、小叶和多孔性病变；谨慎的做法是仅将多孔性病变视为上颌窦炎的标志。假定这些沉积物是鼻窦炎的标志，我们可能大大高估了过去骨性鼻窦炎的发病率。我们正在对更大规模、更多样化的样本进行进一步研究，并对病变位置和结构进行更详细的解剖学研究。

{"title":"Which types of bony changes in the maxillary sinus indicate chronic sinusitis?","authors":"S. Mays , S. Stark , S. Zakrzewski , A. Vekony","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To determine which types of bone lesion (spicules, lobules, porous bone) in the maxillary sinus indicate sinusitis</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Subadjacent dental disease is a cause of maxillary sinusitis; if a lesion type indicates sinusitis it should be more common above diseased posterior maxillary teeth than a lesion type that is not indicative of sinusitis. The study sample is a British Mediaeval human skeletal collection.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Porous bone lesions (chiefly new bone deposits) in maxillary sinuses are associated with subadjacent dental disease; spicules/lobules of bone in the sinus are not.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results support the idea that porous lesions indicate sinusitis but the spicules/lobules may not. Spicules, lobules and porous lesions within the maxillary sinus should be analysed separately in biocultural studies; it would be prudent to regard only the porous lesions as indicative of sinusitis.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Maxillary sinusitis is commonly used as a health indicator in palaeopathology, and spicular deposits are generally the most common type of alterations. By assuming that they are indicative of sinusitis we may have been greatly overestimating the prevalence of bony sinusitis in the past.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>These conclusions are provisional. Further work on larger, more diverse samples, together with more detailed anatomical studies on lesion location and structure is ongoing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002894/pdfft?md5=cd4edde9824f9aba428af7f228b9d153&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002894-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Schmorl's nodes in a historic adult skeletal sample (19th to 20th centuries): An analysis of age, sex and occupation 历史上成人骨骼样本中的施莫尔结节（19 至 20 世纪）：年龄、性别和职业分析

IF 1.2 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002

João Tiago Brito , Ana Luísa Santos

Objective

This study explores the interplay between age-at-death, sex and occupation and the presence, location and severity of Schmorl’s nodes.

Materials

Vertebral columns of 327 individuals, 180 (55.1%) males and 147 (44.9%) females, with age-at-death between 20 and 65 years old, with known occupation.

Methods

Schmorl’s nodes were recorded as present/absent and by location and severity.

Results

In this sample, 58.7% (192/327) of individuals were affected by Schmorl’s nodes, 75.6% (136/180) were males and 38.1% (56/147) were females, with statistically significant differences (p=0.000). Schmorl’s nodes were most commonly found on the T7-L2 (77.1% of all Schmorl’s nodes) vertebrae and at the center (73.4%) of the vertebral body surface. Age and occupational categories did not correlate with prevalence, quantity or severity.

Conclusions

Males appear more prone to develop Schmorl's nodes than females. In this study, the prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes does not increase with age, nor with the type of occupation held by males.

Significance

This study rejects the purported associations between prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes and age and physical stress.

Limitations

It is unknown whether individuals had the same occupation throughout their lives or for how long they performed it. Additionally, it is impossible to access when the individual developed the Schmorl’s node.

Suggestions for further research

Evaluate the onset of Schmorl’s nodes in individuals under 20 and explore possible links between vertebral morphology and the occurrence of Schmorl’s nodes.

本研究探讨了死亡年龄、性别和职业与 Schmorl 结节的存在、位置和严重程度之间的相互作用。材料 327 名死亡年龄在 20 岁至 65 岁之间、已知职业的人的椎体，其中男性 180 人（55.1%），女性 147 人（44.9%）。结果在该样本中，58.7%（192/327）的人受到 Schmorl 节的影响，其中 75.6%（136/180）为男性，38.1%（56/147）为女性，差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。Schmorl's结节最常见于T7-L2（占所有Schmorl's结节的77.1%）椎体和椎体表面中心（73.4%）。年龄和职业类别与发病率、数量或严重程度无关。在这项研究中，Schmorl's结节的患病率并不随年龄的增长而增加，也不随男性从事的职业类型而增加。对进一步研究的建议评估 20 岁以下人群中 Schmorl 节的发病情况，并探索脊椎形态与 Schmorl 节发生之间的可能联系。

{"title":"Schmorl's nodes in a historic adult skeletal sample (19th to 20th centuries): An analysis of age, sex and occupation","authors":"João Tiago Brito , Ana Luísa Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study explores the interplay between age-at-death, sex and occupation and the presence, location and severity of Schmorl’s nodes.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Vertebral columns of 327 individuals, 180 (55.1%) males and 147 (44.9%) females, with age-at-death between 20 and 65 years old, with known occupation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Schmorl’s nodes were recorded as present/absent and by location and severity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this sample, 58.7% (192/327) of individuals were affected by Schmorl’s nodes, 75.6% (136/180) were males and 38.1% (56/147) were females, with statistically significant differences (<em>p=</em>0.000). Schmorl’s nodes were most commonly found on the T7-L2 (77.1% of all Schmorl’s nodes) vertebrae and at the center (73.4%) of the vertebral body surface. Age and occupational categories did not correlate with prevalence, quantity or severity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Males appear more prone to develop Schmorl's nodes than females. In this study, the prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes does not increase with age, nor with the type of occupation held by males.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study rejects the purported associations between prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes and age and physical stress.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>It is unknown whether individuals had the same occupation throughout their lives or for how long they performed it. Additionally, it is impossible to access when the individual developed the Schmorl’s node.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Evaluate the onset of Schmorl’s nodes in individuals under 20 and explore possible links between vertebral morphology and the occurrence of Schmorl’s nodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002882/pdfft?md5=505a54d41981c3f934ac574cb5c68dec&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002882-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Disability and care in Western Europe during Medieval times: A bioarchaeological perspective” [Int. J. Paleopathol. 44 (2024) 119–125] 中世纪西欧的残疾与护理：44 (2024) 119-125].

IF 1.2 3区地球科学 Q1 Arts and Humanities

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.004

Ileana Micarelli , Mary Anne Tafuri , Lorna Tilley

引用次数: 0