Alternatives to antibiotics in veterinary medicine: considerations for the management of Johne's disease.

IF 4.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-16 DOI:10.1017/S146625232300004X
Laura M O'Connell, Aidan Coffey, Jim M O'Mahony
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has become a major health concern globally, with current predictions expecting deaths related to resistant infections to surpass those of cancer by 2050. Major efforts are being undertaken to develop derivative and novel alternatives to current antibiotic therapies in human medicine. What appears to be lacking however, are similar efforts into researching the application of those alternatives, such as (bacterio)phage therapy, in veterinary contexts. Agriculture is still undoubtedly the most prominent consumer of antibiotics, with up to 70% of annual antibiotic usage attributed to this sector, despite policies to reduce their use in food animals. This not only increases the risk of resistant infections spreading from farm to community but also the risk that animals may acquire species-specific infections that subvert treatment. While these diseases may not directly affect human welfare, they greatly affect the profit margin of industries reliant on livestock due to the cost of treatments and (more frequently) the losses associated with animal death. This means actively combatting animal infection not only benefits animal welfare but also global economies. In particular, targeting recurring or chronic conditions associated with certain livestock has the potential to greatly reduce financial losses. This can be achieved by developing novel diagnostics to quickly identify ill animals alongside the design of novel therapies. To explore this concept further, this review employs Johne's disease, a chronic gastroenteritis condition that affects ruminants, as a case study to exemplify the benefits of rapid diagnostics and effective treatment of chronic disease, with particular regard to the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of phage.

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兽医中抗生素的替代品:对Johne病管理的考虑。
抗生素耐药性已成为全球主要的健康问题,目前的预测预计,到2050年,与耐药性感染相关的死亡人数将超过癌症。目前正在大力开发人类医学中现有抗生素疗法的衍生物和新替代品。然而,似乎缺乏的是研究这些替代品在兽医领域的应用的类似努力,如(噬菌体)噬菌体疗法。毫无疑问,农业仍然是抗生素最主要的消费者,尽管有政策减少抗生素在食用动物中的使用,但每年高达70%的抗生素使用量都属于该行业。这不仅增加了耐药性感染从农场传播到社区的风险,还增加了动物可能获得破坏治疗的物种特异性感染的风险。虽然这些疾病可能不会直接影响人类福利,但由于治疗成本和(更常见的)与动物死亡相关的损失,它们极大地影响了依赖牲畜的行业的利润率。这意味着积极抗击动物感染不仅有利于动物福利,也有利于全球经济。特别是,针对与某些牲畜相关的复发或慢性疾病,有可能大大减少经济损失。这可以通过开发新的诊断方法来实现,在设计新疗法的同时快速识别患病动物。为了进一步探索这一概念,本综述以影响反刍动物的慢性胃肠炎Johne病为例,举例说明快速诊断和有效治疗慢性病的好处,特别是噬菌体的诊断和治疗潜力。
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来源期刊
Animal Health Research Reviews
Animal Health Research Reviews VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: Animal Health Research Reviews provides an international forum for the publication of reviews and commentaries on all aspects of animal health. Papers include in-depth analyses and broader overviews of all facets of health and science in both domestic and wild animals. Major subject areas include physiology and pharmacology, parasitology, bacteriology, food and environmental safety, epidemiology and virology. The journal is of interest to researchers involved in animal health, parasitologists, food safety experts and academics interested in all aspects of animal production and welfare.
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