{"title":"Flagellar sensilla of the hangingflies Bittacus planus Cheng and Bittacus sinicus Issiki (Mecoptera: Bittacidae)","authors":"Xiao-Yan Wang, Bao-Zhen Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.asd.2023.101297","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Adult hangingflies are very sensitive to humidity, thereby frequently being used as ecological indicators to assess the degradation of the environment, especially forest ecosystems. Studies on the sense organs<span> associated with hygro- and thermo-sensitivity, however, have been scant. Here, the ultramorphology and distribution of the flagellar sensilla were investigated in the adult hangingflies </span></span><em>Bittacus planus</em> Cheng, 1949 and <em>Bittacus sinicus</em><span> Issiki, 1931 using scanning electron microscopy. Four types of sensilla are identified in </span><em>B. planus</em>, including sensilla campaniformia, sensilla chaetica (SC1, SC2), sensilla basiconica (SB1, SB2), and sensilla coeloconica. In <em>B. sinicus</em>, sensilla chaetica III are present additionally from 7th to 14th flagellomeres. Abundant sensilla coeloconica are present on the flagella of <em>Bittacus</em>. Sensilla basiconica I are situated at the joints of flagellomeres. Sensilla campaniformia are densely distributed on the basal half of the first flagellomere, but scarcely on other flagellomeres. Sensilla chaetica II are present on the distal three flagellomeres. The size, abundance, and distribution of flagellar sensilla differ considerably between <em>B. planus</em> and <em>B. sinicus</em><span>. We infer that the abundance of sensilla coeloconica is likely associated with the hygro- and thermo-sensitivity in Bittacidae<span>. Studies of flagellar sensilla can provide valuable information for subsequent electrophysiological, behavioral, biogeographical, and phylogenetic analyses of Bittacidae.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55461,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod Structure & Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Arthropod Structure & Development","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1467803923000646","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Adult hangingflies are very sensitive to humidity, thereby frequently being used as ecological indicators to assess the degradation of the environment, especially forest ecosystems. Studies on the sense organs associated with hygro- and thermo-sensitivity, however, have been scant. Here, the ultramorphology and distribution of the flagellar sensilla were investigated in the adult hangingflies Bittacus planus Cheng, 1949 and Bittacus sinicus Issiki, 1931 using scanning electron microscopy. Four types of sensilla are identified in B. planus, including sensilla campaniformia, sensilla chaetica (SC1, SC2), sensilla basiconica (SB1, SB2), and sensilla coeloconica. In B. sinicus, sensilla chaetica III are present additionally from 7th to 14th flagellomeres. Abundant sensilla coeloconica are present on the flagella of Bittacus. Sensilla basiconica I are situated at the joints of flagellomeres. Sensilla campaniformia are densely distributed on the basal half of the first flagellomere, but scarcely on other flagellomeres. Sensilla chaetica II are present on the distal three flagellomeres. The size, abundance, and distribution of flagellar sensilla differ considerably between B. planus and B. sinicus. We infer that the abundance of sensilla coeloconica is likely associated with the hygro- and thermo-sensitivity in Bittacidae. Studies of flagellar sensilla can provide valuable information for subsequent electrophysiological, behavioral, biogeographical, and phylogenetic analyses of Bittacidae.
期刊介绍:
Arthropod Structure & Development is a Journal of Arthropod Structural Biology, Development, and Functional Morphology; it considers manuscripts that deal with micro- and neuroanatomy, development, biomechanics, organogenesis in particular under comparative and evolutionary aspects but not merely taxonomic papers. The aim of the journal is to publish papers in the areas of functional and comparative anatomy and development, with an emphasis on the role of cellular organization in organ function. The journal will also publish papers on organogenisis, embryonic and postembryonic development, and organ or tissue regeneration and repair. Manuscripts dealing with comparative and evolutionary aspects of microanatomy and development are encouraged.