Antennal morphology and sensilla ultrastructure of the malaria vectors, Anopheles maculatus and An. sawadwongporni (Diptera: Culicidae)

IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Arthropod Structure & Development Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.asd.2023.101296
Kanchon Pusawang , Patchara Sriwichai , Kittipat Aupalee , Thippawan Yasanga , Rochana Phuackchantuck , Daibin Zhong , Guiyun Yan , Pradya Somboon , Anuluck Junkum , Somsakul Pop Wongpalee , Liwang Cui , Jetsumon Sattabongkot , Atiporn Saeung
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Abstract

Mosquitoes rely mainly on the olfactory system to track hosts. Sensilla contain olfactory neuron receptors that perceive different kinds of odorants and transfer crucial information regarding the surrounding environment. Anopheles maculatus and An. sawadwongporni, members of the Maculatus Group, are regarded as vectors of malaria in Thailand. The fine structure of their sensilla has yet to be identified. Herein, scanning electron microscopy is used to examine the sensilla located on the antennae of adults An. maculatus and An. sawadwongporni, collected from the Thai-Myanmar border. Four major types of antennal sensilla are discovered in both species: chaetica, coeloconica, basiconica (grooved pegs) and trichodea. The antennae of female An. maculatus have longer lengths (μm, mean ± SE) in the long sharp-tipped trichodea (40.62 ± 0.35 > 38.20 ± 0.36), blunt-tipped trichodea (20.39 ± 0.62 > 18.62 ± 0.35), and basiconica (7.84 ± 0.15 > 7.41 ± 0.12) than those of An. sawadwongporni. Using light microscopy, it is found that the mean numbers of large sensilla coeloconica (lco) on both flagella in An. maculatus (left: 32.97 ± 0.48; right: 33.27 ± 0.65) are also greater when compared to An. sawadwongporni (left: 30.40 ± 0.62; right: 29.97 ± 0.49). The mean counts of lco located on flagellomeres 1–3, 6, and 9 in An. maculatus are significantly higher than those of An. sawadwongporni. The data in this study indicate that two closely related Anopheles species exhibit similar morphology of sensilla types, but show variations in length, and likewise in the number of large sensilla coeloconica between them, suggesting they might be causative factors that affect their behaviors driven by the sense of smell.

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疟疾媒介,斑按蚊和锯王鸟的触角形态和感觉器超微结构(直翅目:蚊科)。
蚊子主要依靠嗅觉系统来追踪宿主。Sensila含有嗅觉神经元受体,可以感知不同种类的气味,并传递有关周围环境的关键信息。黄斑按蚊和阿氏按蚊是泰国的疟疾媒介。它们的感觉器的精细结构尚待鉴定。本文利用扫描电子显微镜对采集自泰缅边境的斑腹蛛和锯腹蛛成虫触角上的感受器进行了研究。在这两个物种中都发现了四种主要类型的触角感受器:毛虫、腔虫、基虫(槽钉)和毛虫。雌性斑腹蛛的触角长度(μm,平均值±SE)在长尖毛足纲(40.62±0.35>38.20±0.36)、钝尖毛足目(20.39±0.62>18.62±0.35)和基足纲(7.84±0.15>7.41±0.12)中均长于斑腹蛛。利用光学显微镜观察发现,斑斑螯蟹的两个鞭毛上的大感器(lco)的平均数量(左:32.97±0.48;右:33.27±0.65)也大于斑螯蟹(左:30.40±0.62;右:29.97±0.49),斑腹蛛中9个显著高于锯腹蛛。本研究中的数据表明,两种亲缘关系密切的按蚊表现出相似的感受器类型形态,但在长度上存在差异,它们之间的大型共感器数量也存在差异,这表明它们可能是影响嗅觉驱动的行为的致病因素。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
10.00%
发文量
54
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Arthropod Structure & Development is a Journal of Arthropod Structural Biology, Development, and Functional Morphology; it considers manuscripts that deal with micro- and neuroanatomy, development, biomechanics, organogenesis in particular under comparative and evolutionary aspects but not merely taxonomic papers. The aim of the journal is to publish papers in the areas of functional and comparative anatomy and development, with an emphasis on the role of cellular organization in organ function. The journal will also publish papers on organogenisis, embryonic and postembryonic development, and organ or tissue regeneration and repair. Manuscripts dealing with comparative and evolutionary aspects of microanatomy and development are encouraged.
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