Neuromorphic applications in medicine.

IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Journal of neural engineering Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI:10.1088/1741-2552/aceca3
Khaled Aboumerhi, Amparo Güemes, Hongtao Liu, Francesco Tenore, Ralph Etienne-Cummings
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Abstract

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for miniaturization, low power consumption, quick treatments, and non-invasive clinical strategies in the healthcare industry. To meet these demands, healthcare professionals are seeking new technological paradigms that can improve diagnostic accuracy while ensuring patient compliance. Neuromorphic engineering, which uses neural models in hardware and software to replicate brain-like behaviors, can help usher in a new era of medicine by delivering low power, low latency, small footprint, and high bandwidth solutions. This paper provides an overview of recent neuromorphic advancements in medicine, including medical imaging and cancer diagnosis, processing of biosignals for diagnosis, and biomedical interfaces, such as motor, cognitive, and perception prostheses. For each section, we provide examples of how brain-inspired models can successfully compete with conventional artificial intelligence algorithms, demonstrating the potential of neuromorphic engineering to meet demands and improve patient outcomes. Lastly, we discuss current struggles in fitting neuromorphic hardware with non-neuromorphic technologies and propose potential solutions for future bottlenecks in hardware compatibility.

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神经形态学在医学上的应用。
近年来,医疗保健行业对小型化、低功耗、快速治疗和非侵入性临床策略的需求不断增长。为了满足这些需求,医疗保健专业人员正在寻求新的技术范例,以提高诊断的准确性,同时确保患者的依从性。神经形态工程利用硬件和软件中的神经模型来复制类似大脑的行为,通过提供低功耗、低延迟、小占地面积和高带宽的解决方案,可以帮助开创医学的新时代。本文概述了神经形态学在医学上的最新进展,包括医学成像和癌症诊断、用于诊断的生物信号处理和生物医学接口,如运动、认知和感知假体。对于每个部分,我们提供了大脑启发模型如何成功地与传统人工智能算法竞争的例子,展示了神经形态工程在满足需求和改善患者预后方面的潜力。最后,我们讨论了将神经形态硬件与非神经形态技术相结合的当前斗争,并提出了未来硬件兼容性瓶颈的潜在解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of neural engineering
Journal of neural engineering 工程技术-工程:生物医学
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
12.50%
发文量
319
审稿时长
4.2 months
期刊介绍: The goal of Journal of Neural Engineering (JNE) is to act as a forum for the interdisciplinary field of neural engineering where neuroscientists, neurobiologists and engineers can publish their work in one periodical that bridges the gap between neuroscience and engineering. The journal publishes articles in the field of neural engineering at the molecular, cellular and systems levels. The scope of the journal encompasses experimental, computational, theoretical, clinical and applied aspects of: Innovative neurotechnology; Brain-machine (computer) interface; Neural interfacing; Bioelectronic medicines; Neuromodulation; Neural prostheses; Neural control; Neuro-rehabilitation; Neurorobotics; Optical neural engineering; Neural circuits: artificial & biological; Neuromorphic engineering; Neural tissue regeneration; Neural signal processing; Theoretical and computational neuroscience; Systems neuroscience; Translational neuroscience; Neuroimaging.
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