The evolution, form and function of the human respiratory system.

IF 1.6 2区 社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI:10.4436/JASS.10014
Markus Bastir, Daniel Sanz-Prieto, José María López-Rey, Carlos A Palancar, Marta Gómez-Recio, Miguel López-Cano, José María González-Ruíz, Alejandro Pérez-Ramos, Manuel A Burgos, Benoit Beyer, Daniel García-Martínez
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This paper presents an updated view on the morphological and functional significance of the human respiratory system in the context of human evolutionary anatomy. While usually the respiratory system is treated either from a craniofacial perspective, mostly in the context of nasal evolution and air-conditioning, or from a postcranial perspective featuring on overall thoracic shape changes, here we pursue a holistic perspective on the form, function, integration, and evolutionary change of the entire organismal system in hominins. We first present a brief review of the most important morphological structures, their function, and its potential integration and interaction with the nasal cavity and thoracic skeleton. This is followed by an overview of the most important improvements in methods for the comparative study in recent humans and fossil hominins. We then overview and list a compendium of hominin fossil material currently available for the study. We propose four functional categories of hominin respiratory system configurations that differ potentially with respect to size, shape, biomechanics and/or bioenergetics. Finally, we discuss these and speculate on possible ways for future research into an anatomical system that, despite its under-investigated status, is central to the understanding of the form and functions of the hominin organism and its paleobiology.

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人体呼吸系统的演化、形式和功能。
本文介绍了人类呼吸系统在人类进化解剖学背景下的形态学和功能意义的最新观点。虽然通常从颅面角度(主要是在鼻腔进化和空调的背景下)或从颅后角度(以整体胸廓形状变化为特征)来研究呼吸系统,但在这里,我们追求从整体角度来研究人类整个生物系统的形式、功能、整合和进化变化。我们首先简要回顾了最重要的形态学结构,它们的功能,以及它们与鼻腔和胸骨的潜在整合和相互作用。随后概述了在比较研究现代人类和古人类化石的方法方面最重要的改进。然后,我们概述并列出了目前可用于研究的古人类化石材料纲要。我们提出了人类呼吸系统配置的四种功能类别,它们在大小、形状、生物力学和/或生物能量学方面可能存在差异。最后,我们讨论了这些问题,并推测了未来研究一个解剖系统的可能方法,尽管它的研究状态尚不充分,但它对人类生物的形式和功能及其古生物学的理解至关重要。
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来源期刊
Journal of Anthropological Sciences
Journal of Anthropological Sciences Social Sciences-Anthropology
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
5.60%
发文量
7
期刊介绍: The Journal of Anthropological Sciences (JASs) publishes reviews, original papers and notes concerning human paleontology, prehistory, biology and genetics of extinct and extant populations. Particular attention is paid to the significance of Anthropology as an interdisciplinary field of research. Only papers in English can be considered for publication. All contributions are revised by the editorial board together with the panel of referees.
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