Animal models and SARS-CoV-2-induced pulmonary and neurological injuries.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1590/0074-02760220239

Marcelo Alves Pinto, Alexandre Dos Santos da Silva, Daniela Del Rosario Flores Rodrigues, Rodrigo Müller, Gentil Arthur Lins Bentes Mendonça de Vasconcelos, Patrícia Cristina da Costa Neves, Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira, Renato Sergio Marchevsky

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Abstract

Laboratory animals are essential mainly for experiments aiming to study pathogenesis and evaluate antivirals and vaccines against emerging human infectious diseases. Preclinical studies of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pathogenesis have used several animal species as models: transgenic human ACE2 mice (K18 mice), inbred BALB/c or C57BL/6N mice, ferrets, minks, domestic cats and dogs, hamsters, and macaques. However, the choice of an animal model relies on several limitations. Besides the host susceptibility, the researcher's experience with animal model management and the correct interpretation of clinical and laboratory records are crucial to succeed in preclinical translational research. Here, we summarise pathological and clinical findings correlated with virological data and immunological changes observed from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) experimental infections using different well-established SARS-CoV-2 animal model species. This essay aims to critically evaluate the current state of animal model translation to clinical data, as described in the human SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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动物模型和sars - cov -2诱导的肺和神经损伤。

实验动物主要用于研究人类新发传染病的发病机制和评价抗病毒药物和疫苗的实验。冠状病毒病19 (COVID-19)发病机制的临床前研究使用了几种动物物种作为模型:转基因人ACE2小鼠(K18小鼠)、近交BALB/c或C57BL/6N小鼠、雪貂、水貂、家猫和狗、仓鼠和猕猴。然而，动物模型的选择依赖于几个限制。除了宿主易感性之外，研究人员在动物模型管理方面的经验以及对临床和实验室记录的正确解释对于临床前转化研究的成功至关重要。在这里，我们总结了使用不同的已建立的SARS-CoV-2动物模型物种进行的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)实验感染中观察到的与病毒学数据和免疫学变化相关的病理和临床发现。本文旨在批判性地评估动物模型转化为临床数据的现状，如人类SARS-CoV-2感染所描述的那样。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz is a journal specialized in microbes & their vectors causing human infections. This means that we accept manuscripts covering multidisciplinary approaches and findings in the basic aspects of infectious diseases, e.g. basic in research in prokariotes, eukaryotes, and/or virus. Articles must clearly show what is the main question to be answered, the hypothesis raised, and the contribution given by the study. Priority is given to manuscripts reporting novel mechanisms and general findings concerning the biology of human infectious prokariotes, eukariotes or virus. Papers reporting innovative methods for diagnostics or that advance the basic research with these infectious agents are also welcome. It is important to mention what we do not publish: veterinary infectious agents research, taxonomic analysis and re-description of species, epidemiological studies or surveys or case reports and data re-analysis. Manuscripts that fall in these cases or that are considered of low priority by the journal editorial board, will be returned to the author(s) for submission to another journal.