Rural Embodiment and Community Health: an Anthropological Case Study on Biocultural Determinants of Tropical Disease Infection and Immune System Development in the USA.

IF 3.6 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current Tropical Medicine Reports Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-23 DOI:10.1007/s40475-023-00282-z

Theresa E Gildner, Tara J Cepon-Robins

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Biocultural methods are critically important for identifying environmental and socioeconomic factors linked with tropical disease risk and outcomes. For example, embodiment theory refers to the process by which lived experiences impact individual biology. Increased exposure to pathogens, chronic psychosocial stress, and unequal resource access are all outcomes linked with discrimination and poverty. Through lived experiences, race and socioeconomic inequality can literally become embodied-get under the skin and affect physiology-impacting immune responses and contributing to lifelong health disparities. Yet, few studies have investigated tropical disease patterns and associated immune function using embodiment theory to understand lasting physiological impacts associated with living in a high-pathogen environment.

Recent findings: Here, we use preliminary data drawn from the Rural Embodiment and Community Health (REACH) study to assess whether pathogen exposure and immune stimulation within a sample of children from the Mississippi Delta are associated with household income. We also test whether immune marker levels-assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using dried blood spot samples-vary between the REACH sample and a similarly aged nationally representative NHANES sample. Immune marker levels did not differ significantly between REACH participants living below vs. above the federal poverty line, yet immunoglobulin E levels-a marker of macroparasite infection-were higher among REACH study participants compared to the NHANES sample.

Summary: These results may suggest community-level pathogenic exposures (i.e., parasitic infections) are embodied by REACH participants with implications for long-term immune function, potentially resulting in immune aspects that differ from nationally representative samples.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40475-023-00282-z.

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农村体现与社区健康：美国热带疾病感染和免疫系统发展的生物文化决定因素人类学案例研究》（Rural Embodiment and Community Health: an Anthropological Case Study on Biocultural Determinants of Tropical Disease Infection and Immune System Development in the USA）。

审查目的：生物文化方法对于确定与热带疾病风险和结果相关的环境和社会经济因素至关重要。例如，体现理论指的是生活经历对个人生物学产生影响的过程。接触病原体的机会增加、长期的社会心理压力和资源获取的不平等都与歧视和贫困有关。通过生活经历，种族和社会经济不平等可以真正体现出来--深入皮肤，影响生理--影响免疫反应，造成终身健康差异。然而，很少有研究利用体现理论调查热带疾病模式和相关免疫功能，以了解与生活在高病原体环境中相关的持久生理影响：在此，我们利用农村体现与社区健康（REACH）研究的初步数据，评估密西西比三角洲儿童样本中的病原体暴露和免疫刺激是否与家庭收入有关。我们还测试了用酶联免疫吸附测定法评估的免疫标记物水平（使用干血斑样本）在 REACH 样本与年龄相仿的具有全国代表性的 NHANES 样本之间是否存在差异。生活在联邦贫困线以下和以上的REACH参与者之间的免疫标志物水平没有明显差异，但与NHANES样本相比，REACH研究参与者的免疫球蛋白E水平（一种大型寄生虫感染的标志物）更高。小结：这些结果可能表明，REACH参与者暴露于社区水平的病原体（即寄生虫感染），这对长期免疫功能有影响，可能导致免疫方面与全国代表性样本不同：在线版本包含补充材料，可查阅 10.1007/s40475-023-00282-z。

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来源期刊

Current Tropical Medicine Reports Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

1.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Current Tropical Medicine Reports provides expert views on recent advances in the field of tropical medicine in a clear and readable form. This journal offers reviews by domestic and international contributors that highlight the most important, recent papers and findings related to this specific field. We accomplish this by appointing renowned leaders in major tropical medicine subject areas to select topics addressing virology, bacteriology, parasitology, entomology, immunology, cell and molecular biology, epidemiology, ecology, behavioral science and clinical medicine for review by experts who assess the latest developments and highlight significant papers published over the last few years on their topics. These review articles also stress recently published papers of importance in the references, which are accompanied by annotations explaining their importance. In addition to these Section Editors, our international Editorial Board ensures our journal upholds its standards.