{"title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, impairs post-infarcted myocardium by inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion.","authors":"Yuka Shiheido-Watanabe, Yasuhiro Maejima, Shun Nakagama, Qintao Fan, Natsuko Tamura, Tetsuo Sasano","doi":"10.1038/s41368-023-00251-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While several previous studies have indicated the link between periodontal disease (PD) and myocardial infarction (MI), the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy, a cellular quality control process that is activated in several diseases, including heart failure, can be suppressed by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.). However, it is uncertain whether autophagy impairment by periodontal pathogens stimulates the development of cardiac dysfunction after MI. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between PD and the development of MI while focusing on the role of autophagy. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and MI model mice were inoculated with wild-type P.g. or gingipain-deficient P.g. to assess the effect of autophagy inhibition by P.g. Wild-type P.g.-inoculated NRCMs had lower cell viability than those inoculated with gingipain-deficient P.g. This study also revealed that gingipains can cleave vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8), a protein involved in lysosomal sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), at the 47th lysine residue, thereby inhibiting autophagy. Wild-type P.g.-inoculated MI model mice were more susceptible to cardiac rupture, with lower survival rates and autophagy activity than gingipain-deficient P.g.-inoculated MI model mice. After inoculating genetically modified MI model mice (VAMP8-K47A) with wild-type P.g., they exhibited significantly increased autophagy activation compared with the MI model mice inoculated with wild-type P.g., which suppressed cardiac rupture and enhanced overall survival rates. These findings suggest that gingipains, which are virulence factors of P.g., impair the infarcted myocardium by cleaving VAMP8 and disrupting autophagy. This study confirms the strong association between PD and MI and provides new insights into the potential role of autophagy in this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":14191,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10507114/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Oral Science","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-023-00251-2","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
While several previous studies have indicated the link between periodontal disease (PD) and myocardial infarction (MI), the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy, a cellular quality control process that is activated in several diseases, including heart failure, can be suppressed by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.). However, it is uncertain whether autophagy impairment by periodontal pathogens stimulates the development of cardiac dysfunction after MI. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between PD and the development of MI while focusing on the role of autophagy. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and MI model mice were inoculated with wild-type P.g. or gingipain-deficient P.g. to assess the effect of autophagy inhibition by P.g. Wild-type P.g.-inoculated NRCMs had lower cell viability than those inoculated with gingipain-deficient P.g. This study also revealed that gingipains can cleave vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8), a protein involved in lysosomal sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), at the 47th lysine residue, thereby inhibiting autophagy. Wild-type P.g.-inoculated MI model mice were more susceptible to cardiac rupture, with lower survival rates and autophagy activity than gingipain-deficient P.g.-inoculated MI model mice. After inoculating genetically modified MI model mice (VAMP8-K47A) with wild-type P.g., they exhibited significantly increased autophagy activation compared with the MI model mice inoculated with wild-type P.g., which suppressed cardiac rupture and enhanced overall survival rates. These findings suggest that gingipains, which are virulence factors of P.g., impair the infarcted myocardium by cleaving VAMP8 and disrupting autophagy. This study confirms the strong association between PD and MI and provides new insights into the potential role of autophagy in this relationship.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Oral Science covers various aspects of oral science and interdisciplinary fields, encompassing basic, applied, and clinical research. Topics include, but are not limited to:
Oral microbiology
Oral and maxillofacial oncology
Cariology
Oral inflammation and infection
Dental stem cells and regenerative medicine
Craniofacial surgery
Dental material
Oral biomechanics
Oral, dental, and maxillofacial genetic and developmental diseases
Craniofacial bone research
Craniofacial-related biomaterials
Temporomandibular joint disorder and osteoarthritis
The journal publishes peer-reviewed Articles presenting new research results and Review Articles offering concise summaries of specific areas in oral science.