The Evolving Landscape of Fecal Microbial Transplantation.

IF 8.4 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-09 DOI:10.1007/s12016-023-08958-0
Tihong Shao, Ronald Hsu, Camelia Hacein-Bey, Weici Zhang, Lixia Gao, Mark J Kurth, Huanhuan Zhao, Zongwen Shuai, Patrick S C Leung
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Abstract

The human gastrointestinal tract houses an enormous microbial ecosystem. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays significant physiological roles and maintains immune homeostasis in the human body. Dysbiosis, an imbalanced gut microbiome, can be associated with various disease states, as observed in infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Modulation of the gut microbiome has become a therapeutic target in treating these disorders. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from a healthy donor restores the normal gut microbiota homeostasis in the diseased host. Ample evidence has demonstrated the efficacy of FMT in recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI). The application of FMT in other human diseases is gaining attention. This review aims to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of FMT and its efficacies in human diseases. We discuss the application, route of administration, limitations, safety, efficacies, and suggested mechanisms of FMT in rCDI, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Finally, we address the future perspectives of FMT in human medicine.

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粪便微生物移植的发展前景。
人类胃肠道拥有庞大的微生物生态系统。最近的研究表明,肠道微生物群在人体内发挥着重要的生理作用,并维持免疫稳态。失调是一种不平衡的肠道微生物组,可能与各种疾病状态有关,如在传染病、炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和癌症中观察到的。肠道微生物组的调节已成为治疗这些疾病的治疗目标。来自健康供体的粪便微生物群移植(FMT)恢复了患病宿主的正常肠道微生物群稳态。大量证据证明FMT对复发性艰难梭菌感染(rCDI)的疗效。FMT在其他人类疾病中的应用越来越受到关注。这篇综述旨在加深我们对FMT的机制及其在人类疾病中的疗效的理解。我们讨论了FMT在rCDI、自身免疫性疾病和癌症中的应用、给药途径、局限性、安全性、有效性和建议的机制。最后,我们讨论了FMT在人类医学中的未来前景。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
22.30
自引率
1.10%
发文量
58
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology is a scholarly journal that focuses on the advancement of clinical management in allergic and immunologic diseases. The journal publishes both scholarly reviews and experimental papers that address the current state of managing these diseases, placing new data into perspective. Each issue of the journal is dedicated to a specific theme of critical importance to allergists and immunologists, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter for a wide readership. The journal is particularly helpful in explaining how novel data impacts clinical management, along with advancements such as standardized protocols for allergy skin testing and challenge procedures, as well as improved understanding of cell biology. Ultimately, the journal aims to contribute to the improvement of care and management for patients with immune-mediated diseases.
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