A Study on 23.8-43 GHz CMOS Low-Power Ultra-Wideband Injection-Locked Frequency Multiplier with Transformer Input

Abstract

Ultra-wideband CMOS low-power injection-locked frequency multiplier with transformer input circuit has been studied. Due to the linearity of the input circuitry, the ILFM with the proposed transformer-based input circuit can obtain a wide locking range compared to that with the conventional transistor input circuit. According to the measurement results, the maximum locking range is 57.5% from 23.8 GHz to 43.0 GHz output at $V_{DD} = 1.8\ \mathrm{V}$, $I_{DD} = 0.96\ \text{mA}$ and $P_{in} = 0\ \text{dBm}$. The lowest locked phase noise at 1 MHz offset from 28 GHz carrier frequency was −123 dBc/Hz. Used process technology is TSMC-180nm CMOS.