Factors of the Risk of Developing a Secondary Cataract and Recommendations for Conducting a Primary Posterior Capsulorhexis

Abstract

Relevance. At the present stage, cataract surgery techniques perfectly cope with the task of restoring the transparency of the optic system of the eye, which makes it possible to quickly restore visual functions and patient performance. Throughout the world, there is a trend of cataract surgery in the initial stages, recommending that patients do not wait for cataract ripening. However, as practice has shown, this leads to an increase in the number of patients with secondary cataract.Goal. To develop recommendations and ways of preventing secondary cataract.Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients who applied for laser dyssia (192) and operated on cataracts (2590) for one calendar year was carried out. The interrelation of a type of a cataract and development of opacifications of a back capsule is analyzed.Results. In patients with myopia, which is a sign of complicated cataracts, the risk of developing secondary cataract is 3.5 times higher with a high degree of statistical significance (p <0.005). The following is the risk of diabetes mellitus of both types, as a sign of complicated cataract with concomitant pathology, which increases the risk of developing a secondary cataract up to 3 times (p <0.01). Immature cataract stages according to our observations also with statistical reliability (p <0.01) increase the risk of secondary cataract development by 1.4 times.Conclusions. Taking into account the revealed clinical risk factors for the development of secondary cataracts, we proposed recommendations for the primary posterior capsulorhexis with a transparent posterior capsule: myopia, diabetes mellitus of both types, initialandimmaturecataracts