Gendered Politics and Economic Policy Making:The Case of Public Expenditures on Family Allowances

Oznur Ozdamar
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Abstract

Parliament is the place where elected politicians make laws to set the policy direction of countries. The failure of the involvement of different voices such as gender, race, ethnicity and class in policy-making may prove the existence of an unequality in political decisions. Regarding gender, there has been a sufficient amount of empirical evidence in the literature that women and men may have different policy preferences. Their common argument is that women are more likely than men give priority to public policies related to their traditional roles as care givers to children in the family. Public spending on family allowances is one of the family-specific social policies that play an important role in helping families for the childcare and the child rising. This paper, therefore, have analyzed the relationship between female political representation in the OECD parliaments and the resource allocation towards public spending on family allowances. Overall findings are driven by the fact that the fraction of female parliamentarians over the thirty years across OECD countries have not been sufficient for a possible gender effect in policy-making on family allowances. In fact, the fraction of female politicians is above a certain threshold (30%) shows a significantly different allocation of public spending on family allowances. In other words, women’s representation may need to reach a certain critical mass threshold to make an impact on the policy decision process.
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性别政治与经济政策制定:家庭津贴公共支出的案例
议会是选举产生的政治家制定法律以确定国家政策方向的地方。性别、种族、民族和阶级等不同声音未能参与决策,可能证明政治决策中存在不平等。关于性别,文献中有足够的经验证据表明,女性和男性可能有不同的政策偏好。他们的共同论点是,妇女比男子更有可能优先考虑与她们在家庭中作为照顾儿童的传统角色有关的公共政策。公共支出的家庭补贴是一项针对家庭的社会政策,在帮助家庭育儿和子女成长方面发挥着重要作用。因此,本文分析了女性在经合组织议会中的政治代表性与家庭津贴公共支出的资源分配之间的关系。总的调查结果是由于经合发组织国家三十年来女性议员的比例不足以在家庭津贴决策方面产生可能的性别影响。事实上,女性政治家的比例超过某一阈值(30%)表明,家庭津贴的公共支出分配存在显著差异。换句话说,妇女的代表性可能需要达到一定的临界质量门槛,才能对决策过程产生影响。
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