Penggunaan indeks periapikal dalam menilai penyembuhan abses periapikal setelah perawatan saluran akar Evaluation of periapical abscess healing after root canal treatment based on periapical index

Abstract

Introduction: A periapical abscess can be healed through root canal treatment to remove necrotic tissue and sources of inflammation. Inaccurate evaluation of the healing may occur, for example, when a patient who has been declared cured clinically has not been declared cured histologically. The periapical index (PAI) is a scoring system to evaluate the healing of periapical lesions radiographically. This index has proven to be reliable because it has been validated histologically. This study aims to determine how to evaluate periapical abscess healing after root canal treatment based on the periapical index. Methods: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. Samples of 24 teeth images were obtained from 20 archives of conventional periapical radiographs at the Dental Conservation Clinic, RSGM Unpad Bandung during the period of April 2017 - November 2018. The periapical index (PAI) was used to evaluate healing on the radiographs of diagnostic and control photos. The calibration test was conducted by the researcher and then re-examined by the endodontist, producing a value of Cohan kappa = 1 (perfect agreement). Results: The comparison of periapical abscess healing before and after root canal treatment showed highly statistically significant results with the Wilcoxon matched pairs test, where the p-value < 0.05. The p-value obtained was 0.0000000181, which means that root canal treatment has a positive impact on teeth with periapical abscesses. Conclusion: Root canal treatment provides healing for periapical abscesses.